Azuonwu Obioma*, Ihua Nnenna and Ahiakwo Christian
Volume1-Issue2
Dates: Received: 2020-05-31 | Accepted: 2020-06-08 | Published: 2020-06-22
Pages: 039-047
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the Antibiogram pattern of Potential Pathogenic Bacteria that are associated with Domestic dog faecal matter in Port Harcourt Metropolis. Convenient sampling techniques were explored for sample collection. A total of fifty samples were collected from domestic dogs from different locations (Agip estates, Rumuokoro, GRA, Sandfill, Town, RSU lecturers’ quarters) within Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria. The bacteriological analysis was determined using standard microbiological procedures and identification techniques. Potential pathogens associated with domestic dog faecal matter that were isolated include; Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Pseudomonas species, Proteus species, Bacillus species, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. However other species of Staphylococcus were also isolated respectively. The study showed that among the seven antibiotics used, tarivid was the most sensitive (96%), while peflacin was the most resistant (62%). The correlation analysis showed the relationship between isolates and bacterial count with antibiogram revealed that only Ciproflaxacin showed significant correlation with the isolates (r = 0.322, p = 0.02). This study strongly suggests that domestic dogs carry potential pathogenic organisms present in the faecal matter that can serve as sources of infection to the pet owners, especially the strains showing resistance to antibiotics. These pose a community health threat, thus putting the general public at risk of contracting infections. It is, therefore, important that these domestic dogs including the ones used as pets should be treated and possibly vaccinated frequently, even as faecal matter from domestic dogs should be well disposed to prevent possible zoonotic infections to man from the contaminated environment.
FullText HTML
FullText PDF
DOI: 10.37871/jels1118
Certificate of Publication

Copyright
© 2020 Obioma A, et al. Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0
How to cite this article
Obioma A, Nnenna I, Christian A. Antibiogram Pattern of Potential Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Domestic Dog Faecal Matter in Port Harcourt Metropolis. J Biomed Res Environ Sci. 2020 Jun 22; 1(2): 039-047. doi: 10.37871/jels1118, Article ID: JELS1118
Subject area(s)
University/Institute
References
- World Health Organization. Animal Bites. 2018. https://tinyurl.com/y7br4b4w
- Richard L Oehler, Ana P Velez, Michelle Mizrachi, Jorge Lamarche, Sandra Gompf. Bite-related and septic syndromes caused by cats and dogs. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009; 9: 439-447. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(09)70110-0
- Center for Disease Control. Animal-human disease (zoonosis). 2014.
- Marks SL, Rankin SC, Byrne BA, Weese JS. Enteropathogenic bacteria in dogs and cats: Diagnosis, epidemiology and control. J Vet Intern Med. 2011; 125:1195-1208. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00821.x
- Claerebout E, Casaert S, Dalemans AC, De Wilde N, Levecke B, Vercruysse J, et al.Giardiaand other intestinal parasites in different dog populations in Northern Belgium. Vet Parasitol. 2009; 161:41-46. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.11.024
- AurélienGrellet, Alexandre Feugier, Sylvie Chastant-Maillard, Bruno Carrez, CorineBoucraut-Baralon, Gregory Casseleux, et al. Validation of a fecal scoring scale in puppies during the weaning period. PrevVetMed. 2012; 106: 315-323. DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.012
- Leena K Koivusilta, AnsaOjanlatva. To have or not to have a pet for better health. PLoSOne, 2016; 1: e109. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000109
- VittoriaCinquepalmi, Rosa Monno, Luciana Fumarola, GianpieroVentrella, Carla Calia, Maria Fiorella Greco. Environmental contamination by dog feces: A public health problem. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012; 64:72-84. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10010072
- Rodrigues J, Poeta P, Martins A, Costa D. The importance of pets as a reservoir of resistant Enterococcus strain with special reference to vancomycin. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B. 2002; 49: 278-280. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.00561.x
- VittoriaCinquepalmi, Rosa Monno, Luciana Fumarola, GianpieroVentrella, Carla Calia, Maria Fiorella Greco, et al. Environmental contamination by dog feces: A public health problem. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012;64:72-84. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10010072
- Peter Damborg, Anne H Sørensen, Luca Guardabassi. Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in healthy dogs: First report of canine ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clonal complex 17. Vet Microbiol. 2008; 132: 190-196. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.026
- Dukki Han, Tatsuya Unno, Jeonghwan Jang, Kyungtaek Lim, Sun-Nim Lee, GwangPyoKo. The occurrence of virulence traits among high-level aminoglycosides resistant Enterococcus isolates obtained from feces of humans, animals, and birds in South Korea. Int J Food Microbiol. 2011; 144: 387-392. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.10.024
- Mahony RO, Abbott Y, Leonard FC, Markey BK, Quinn PJ, Pollock PJ. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) isolated from animals and veterinary personel in Ireland. Vet Microbiol. 2005; 109: 285-296. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.06.003
- Farrin A Manian. Asymptomatic nasal carriage of mupirocin-resistant (MRSA) in a pet dog associated with MRSA infection in household contact. Clin Infect Dis. 2003; 36: e26-8. DOI: 10.1086/344772
- Karen A Moriello. Zoonotic skin diseases of dogs and cats. Animal Health Research Reviews. 2003; 4: 157-168. DOI: 10.1079/AHR200355
- Finola Leonard. Salmonella infection and carriage: The importance of dogs and their owners. VetRec. 2014; 174: 92-93. DOI: 10.1136/vr.g367
- Leonard EK, Pearl DL, Finley RL, Janecko N, Peregrine AS, Reid-Smith RJ, et al. Evaluation of pet related management factors and the risk of Salmonella spp. Carriage in pet dogs from volunteer households in Ontario (2005-2006). Zoonoses Public Health. 2011;58: 140-149. DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01320.x
- Clarence Bagshaw, Allen E Isdell, Dharma S Thiruvaiyaru, Lehr Brisbin I Jr, Susan Sanchez. Molecular detection of canine parvovirus in flies (Diptera) at open and closed canine facilities in the eastern United State. Prev Vet Med. 2014; 114: 276-284. DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.02.005
- Ahmed Garba, Oboegbulem, Junaidu, AbdullahiMagaji, Umoh, Ahmed A, Danbirni S, et al. Rabies virus antigen in the brains of apparently healthy slaughtered dogs in Sokoto and Katsina States, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology. 2010;31:123-125. DOI: 10.4314/njpar.v31i2.69483
- Veronica O Ameh, Asabe A Dzikwi, Jarlath U Umoh. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices of dog owners to canine rabies in Wukari Metropolis, Taraba State. Nigeria. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6:226-240. DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n5p226
- Leslie E Odeh, Jarlath U Umoh, AsabeAdamuDzikwi. Assessment of risk of possible exposure to rabies among processors and consumers of dog meat in Zaria and Kafanchan, Kaduna State. Nigeria. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;61:142-153. DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n1p142
- Umoh JU, Ezeokoli CD, Okoh EAJ. Rabies and rabies-related viruses. Viral diseases of animals in africa. Olufemi Williams A, Masiga WN, editors. OAU/STRC scientific publication. 1988.
- B Hoffmann, Freuling CM, Wakeley PR, Rasmussen TB, Leech S, Fooks AR, et al. Improved safety for molecular diagnosis of classical rabies viruses by use of a TaqMan Real-Time Reverse Transcription- PCR ‘Double Check’Strategy. J ClinMicrobiol. 2010; 48:3970-3978. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00612-10
- Ekeinde A. Slum demolition plan ups tension in Nigeria oil hub.Reuter Africa. 2012.
- Peter Damborg, Anne H Sørensen, Luca Guardabassi. Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in healthy dogs: First report of canine ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clonal complex 17. Vet Microbiol.2008; 132: 190-196. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.026
- Cheesbrough M.District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries. 2nd Ed. Cambridge University Press: The Edinburgh Building. 2006.
- Leena K Koivusilta, AnsaOjanlatva. To have or not to have a pet for better health. PLoS One, 2016; 1: e109. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000109
- Jorge Rodrigues, PatríciaPoeta, Martins A, Deonisio Costa. The importance of pets as a reservoir of resistant Enterococcus strain with special reference to vancomycin. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B. 2002; 49: 278-280. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.00561.x
- Devriese LA, Leven M, Goossens H, Vandamme P, Pot B, Hommez J, et al. Presence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in farm pet animal. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996; 40: 2285-2287.PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8891131/
- VittoriaCinquepalmi, Rosa Monno, Luciana Fumarola, GianpieroVentrella, Carla Calia, Maria Fiorella Greco, et al. Environmental contamination by dog feces: A public health problem. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012; 64:72-84. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10010072
- VittoriaCinquepalmi, Rosa Monno, Luciana Fumarola, GianpieroVentrella, Carla Calia, Maria Fiorella Greco, et al. Environmental contamination by dog feces: A public health problem. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012; 64: 72-84. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10010072
- KokilaPriya A, Balagangatharathilagar M, Chandrasekaran D, Parthiban M, Prathaban S. Prevalence of enteropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in puppies with haemorrhagic gastroenteritis. Vet World. 2017; 10: 859-863. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.859-863