Serum Parameters of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients in a Tertiary Hospital - A Pilot Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate serum parameters in treatment-naive and treated Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), and no glaucoma eye patients.
Methods: Fasting blood samples of the participants were analyzed for electrolytes, proteins, urea, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, lipids, and liver enzymes.
Results: Electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and total carbon dioxide showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). Total protein was slightly higher in treated POAG patients (7.8 ± 0.4 g/dL; p = 0.048), with elevated gamma-globulin (1.7 ± 0.2 g/dL). Urea and BUN were significantly increased in treated POAG (p = 0.011 and 0.014), while creatinine was no significantly elevated. Triglycerides were significantly higher in treated POAG (1.5 ± 0.7 mmol/L, p < 0.001); cholesterol, HDL, and LDL showed no differences. Liver enzymes were similar, though ALT was highest in treated POAG but remained within normal range.
Conclusion: These results indicate minor elevations in serum proteins, urea, BUN, and triglycerides in treated POAG patients, potentially reflecting metabolic effects of treatment. Most other parameters were comparable across groups. Findings suggest serum urea, total protein, and globulin hold promise in translational study for POAG, but larger studies are needed to confirm clinical relevance and their specificity for POAG diagnosis.