Transforming Cardiac Care through Plant-Based Diets: A Breakthrough Experience from Bethsaida Hospital, Indonesia

Ali Usman*

Ali Usman*

Volume6-Issue6
Dates: Received: 2025-05-07 | Accepted: 2025-06-13 | Published: 2025-06-30
Pages: 840-849

Abstract

Seven years ago, at Bethsaida Hospital in Indonesia, Professor Dasaad Mulijono pioneered the integration of a Plant-Based Diet (PBD) into routine cardiac caresa paradigm shift that has dramatically improved outcomes for patients with chronic and cardiovascular diseases. By synergizing conventional medical therapies with intensive nutritional education and sustainable lifestyle interventions, we have witnessed clinical recoveries that were once deemed improbable.

Patients have experienced remarkable reversals of hypertension, insulin-independent glycaemic control in diabetes, normalization of renal function, and substantial improvements in heart failure symptoms and ejection fraction. Atherosclerotic plaque regression is frequently observed in follow-up CT Coronary Angiography (CTCA) and coronary angiography. As a breakthrough achievement, our restenosis rates following Drug-Coated Balloon (DCB) therapy are remarkably low, around 2%, compared to the 10–20% typically reported in conventional centers. Sustained weight normalization is routinely achieved, and even complex conditions such as autoimmune disorders and early-stage malignancies have shown signs of stabilization or improvement under this holistic approach.

This article presents our real-world clinical outcomes, elucidates the underlying mechanisms driving these transformations, and addresses the prevailing scepticism within the medical community. We also explore the emerging role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in tailoring nutritional interventions and enhancing patient engagement. Our intention is not to seek acclaim but to inspire broader adoption of this evidence-based, patient-centered model of care—one that is not only effective but also profoundly transformative.

FullText HTML FullText PDF DOI: 10.37871/jbres2135

Certificate of Publication

Copyright

How to cite this article

Usman A. Transforming Cardiac Care through Plant-Based Diets: A Breakthrough Experience from Bethsaida Hospital, Indonesia. J Biomed Res Environ Sci. 2025 Jun 30; 6(6): 840-849. doi: 10.37871/jbres2136, Article ID: JBRES2136, Available at: https://www.jelsciences.com/articles/jbres2136.pdf

Subject area(s)

Therapeutics

Public Health

Nutrition

Cardiovascular Diseases

Clinical Cardiology

References

Mulijono D, Hutapea AM, Lister INE, Sudaryo MK, Umniyati H. Plant-based diets and supplements in mitigating COVID-19: Part 1. The research report. Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Reports. 2024;5(08). doi: 10.38207/JCMPHR/2024/MAY05080572/A.
Mulijono D, Hutapea AM, Lister INE, Sudaryo MK, Umniyati H. Plant-based diet and supplements in mitigating COVID-19: Part 2. The Mechanism behind Successful Intervention. Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Reports. 2024;5(08): doi: 10.38207/JCMPHR/2024/MAY05080264.
Mulijono D, Hutapea AM, Lister INE, Sudaryo MK, and Umniyati H. Saving high-risk cardiac patients from covid-19 severity, hospitalization, and death with plant-based diets and dietary supplements. Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research. 8 (2024): 245-252. Doi: 10.26502/acbr.50170406.
Mulijono D. Plant-Based Diets (PBDs): Challenges and solutions. Online Journal of Cardiology Research & Reports. 2024;7(5). doi: 10.33552/OJCRR.2024.07.000672.
Mulijono D, Hutapea AM, Lister INE, Sudaryo MK, Umniyati H. Mechanisms of plant-based diets reverse atherosclerosis. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine. 2024;290-302. doi: 10.26502/fccm.92920390.
Mulijono D. Plant-based diet in regressing/stabilizing vulnerable plaques to achieve complete revascularization. Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research. 2024;236-244. doi: 10.26502/acbr.50170405.
Mulijono D, Hutapea, AM, Lister INE, Sudaryo MK, Umniyati H. How a Plant-Based Diet (PBD) Reduces In-Stent Restenosis (ISR) and Stent Thrombosis (ST). Cardiology: Open Access(COA). 2024;9 (1):01-15. doi: 10.33140/COA.09.01.05.
Mulijono D, Hutapea AM, Lister INE, Sudaryo MK, and Umniyati H. Plant-based diet to reverse/ regress vulnerable plaque: a case report and review. Archives of Clinical and Medical Case Reports. 2024;126-135. doi: 10.26502/acmcr.96550674.
Mulijono, D. Bethsaida hospital: pioneering plant-based diet and lifestyle medicine revolution in indonesia. Archives of Epidemiology & Public Health Research(AEPHR). 2025;4(1):01-03. doi: 10.33140/AEPHR.04.01.02.
Mulijono D. The plant-based guru redefining cardiology and preventive medicine. Online Journal of Cardiology Research & Reports. 2025;8(1). doi: 10.33552/OJCRR.2025.08.000676.
Mulijono D. Healing with food or managing with injection? a new era in chronic disease care. Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences. 2025;6(4):373-377. doi: 10.37871/jbres2092.
Mulijono D. How a plant-based diet and ultra-low ldl levels can reverse atherosclerosis and prevent restenosis: a breakthrough in heart health. Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences. 2025;6(4):368-372. doi: 10.37871/jbres2091.
Mulijono, D. Reclaiming healing through nutrition: Resistance to plant-based diets and the biblical call to restoration. Archives of Epidemiology & Public Health Research. 2025;4(2):01-03. doi: 10.33140/AEPHR.04.02.01.
Mulijono D. The pitfalls of relying solely on guidelines for chronic coronary syndrome: A warning for cardiologists. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine. 2025;97-99. doi: 10.26502/fccm.92920428.
Mulijono, D. What was meant for harm. a testimony of healing, faith, and medical revolution. Archives of Epidemiology & Public Health Research(AEPHR). 2025;4(2):01-05. doi: 10.33140/AEPHR.
Alexander S, Ostfeld RJ, Allen K, Williams KA. A plant-based diet and hypertension. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2017 May;14(5):327-330. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.05.014. PMID: 28630611; PMCID: PMC5466938.
Tomé-Carneiro J, Visioli F. Plant-Based Diets Reduce Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2023 Jul;25(7):127-150. doi: 10.1007/s11906-023-01243-7. Epub 2023 May 13. PMID: 37178356; PMCID: PMC10224875.
Joshi S, Ettinger L, Liebman SE. Plant-Based Diets and Hypertension. Am J Lifestyle Med. 2019 Sep 24;14(4):397-405. doi: 10.1177/1559827619875411. PMID: 33281520; PMCID: PMC7692016.
Charles JA, Habibullah NK, Bautista S, Davis B, Joshi S, Hull SC. Planting the Seed for Blood Pressure Control: The Role of Plant-Based Nutrition in the Management of Hypertension. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2024 Mar;26(3):121-134. doi: 10.1007/s11886-023-02008-z. Epub 2024 Mar 25. PMID: 38526748; PMCID: PMC10990999.
Gibbs J, Gaskin E, Ji C, Miller MA, Cappuccio FP. The effect of plant-based dietary patterns on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled intervention trials. J Hypertens. 2021 Jan;39(1):23-37. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002604. PMID: 33275398.
McMacken M, Shah S. A plant-based diet for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2017 May;14(5):342-354. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.05.009. PMID: 28630614; PMCID: PMC5466941.
Yang X, Li Y, Wang C, Mao Z, Chen Y, et al. Association of plant-based diet and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese rural adults: The Henan Rural Cohort Study. J Diabetes Investig. 2021 Sep;12(9):1569-1576. doi: 10.1111/jdi.13522. Epub 2021 Mar 2. PMID: 33559976; PMCID: PMC8409831.
Pollakova D, Andreadi A, Pacifici F, Della-Morte D, Lauro D, Tubili C. The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2021 Jun 21;13(6):2123. doi: 10.3390/nu13062123. PMID: 34205679; PMCID: PMC8235036.
Jardine MA, Kahleova H, Levin SM, Ali Z, Trapp CB, Barnard ND. Perspective: Plant-Based Eating Pattern for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Treatment: Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Practical Considerations. Adv Nutr. 2021 Dec 1;12(6):2045-2055. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab063. PMID: 34113961; PMCID: PMC8634508.
Ansari P, Khan JT, Chowdhury S, Reberio AD, Kumar S, et al. Plant-Based Diets and Phytochemicals in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Prevention of Its Complications: A Review. Nutrients. 2024 Oct 30;16(21):3709. doi: 10.3390/nu16213709. PMID: 39519546; PMCID: PMC11547802.
Barnard ND, Cohen J, Jenkins DJ, Turner-McGrievy G, Gloede L, Green A, Ferdowsian H. A low-fat vegan diet and a conventional diabetes diet in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled, 74-wk clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 May;89(5):1588S-1596S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736H. Epub 2009 Apr 1. PMID: 19339401; PMCID: PMC2677007.
Guest NS, Raj S, Landry MJ, Mangels AR, Pawlak R, et al. Vegetarian and Vegan Dietary Patterns to Treat Adult Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr. 2024 Oct;15(10):100294. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100294. Epub 2024 Sep 30. Erratum in: Adv Nutr. 2025 Feb;16(2):100379. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100379. PMID: 39415400; PMCID: PMC11540868.
Panigrahi G, Goodwin SM, Staffier KL, Karlsen M. Remission of Type 2 Diabetes After Treatment With a High-Fiber, Low-Fat, Plant-Predominant Diet Intervention: A Case Series. Am J Lifestyle Med. 2023 Jun 15;17(6):839-846. doi: 10.1177/15598276231181574. PMID: 38511112; PMCID: PMC10948923.
Polesel J, Di Maso M, Esposito G, Vitale S, Palumbo E, et al. DEDiCa Study Group. A Plant-Based Cholesterol-Lowering Diet Score Correlates with Serum LDL-Cholesterol Levels. Nutrients. 2024 Feb 8;16(4):495. doi: 10.3390/nu16040495. PMID: 38398819; PMCID: PMC10892311.
Koch CA, Kjeldsen EW, Frikke-Schmidt R. Vegetarian or vegan diets and blood lipids: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Eur Heart J. 2023 Jul 21;44(28):2609-2622. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad211. PMID: 37226630; PMCID: PMC10361023.
Thomas MS, Calle M, Fernandez ML. Healthy plant-based diets improve dyslipidemias, insulin resistance, and inflammation in metabolic syndrome. A narrative review. Adv Nutr. 2023 Jan;14(1):44-54. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2022.10.002. Epub 2022 Dec 17. PMID: 36811593; PMCID: PMC10103000.
Koutentakis M, Surma S, Rogula S, Filipiak KJ, Gąsecka A. The Effect of a Vegan Diet on the Cardiovascular System. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2023 Feb 22;10(3):94. doi: 10.3390/jcdd10030094. PMID: 36975858; PMCID: PMC10052889.
Wang T, Masedunskas A, Willett WC, Fontana L. Vegetarian and vegan diets: benefits and drawbacks. Eur Heart J. 2023 Sep 21;44(36):3423-3439. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad436. PMID: 37450568; PMCID: PMC10516628.
Diab A, Dastmalchi LN, Gulati M, Michos ED. A Heart-Healthy Diet for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Where Are We Now? Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2023 Apr 21;19:237-253. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S379874. PMID: 37113563; PMCID: PMC10128075.
Trautwein EA, McKay S. The Role of Specific Components of a Plant-Based Diet in Management of Dyslipidemia and the Impact on Cardiovascular Risk. Nutrients. 2020 Sep 1;12(9):2671. doi: 10.3390/nu12092671. PMID: 32883047; PMCID: PMC7551487.
Najjar RS, Feresin RG. Plant-Based Diets in the Reduction of Body Fat: Physiological Effects and Biochemical Insights. Nutrients. 2019 Nov 8;11(11):2712. doi: 10.3390/nu11112712. PMID: 31717463; PMCID: PMC6893503.
Greger M. A Whole Food Plant-Based Diet Is Effective for Weight Loss: The Evidence. Am J Lifestyle Med. 2020 Apr 3;14(5):500-510. doi: 10.1177/1559827620912400. PMID: 32922235; PMCID: PMC7444011.
Ahmad SR. Plant-based diet for obesity treatment. Front Nutr. 2022 Sep 8;9:952553. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.952553. PMID: 36159462; PMCID: PMC9493195.
Remde A, DeTurk SN, Almardini A, Steiner L, Wojda T. Plant-predominant eating patterns - how effective are they for treating obesity and related cardiometabolic health outcomes? - a systematic review. Nutr Rev. 2022 Apr 8;80(5):1094-1104. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab060. PMID: 34498070.
Bassin SR, Ferreira De Carvalho J, Gulati M. A Review of Plant-Based Diets for Obesity Management. Endocr Pract. 2024 Aug;30(8):779-789. doi: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.04.020. Epub 2024 May 8. PMID: 38729570.
Jakše B, Jakše B, Pinter S, Pajek J, Fidler Mis N. Whole-Food Plant-Based Lifestyle Program and Decreased Obesity. Am J Lifestyle Med. 2020 Aug 28;16(3):260-270. doi: 10.1177/1559827620949205. PMID: 35706599; PMCID: PMC9189574.
Ivanova S, Delattre C, Karcheva-Bahchevanska D, Benbasat N, Nalbantova V, Ivanov K. Plant-Based Diet as a Strategy for Weight Control. Foods. 2021 Dec 8;10(12):3052. doi: 10.3390/foods10123052. PMID: 34945602; PMCID: PMC8701327.
Campbell EK, Fidahusain M, Campbell Ii TM. Evaluation of an Eight-Week Whole-Food Plant-Based Lifestyle Modification Program. Nutrients. 2019 Sep 3;11(9):2068. doi: 10.3390/nu11092068. PMID: 31484341; PMCID: PMC6770132.
Bolori P, Setaysh L, Rasaei N, Jarrahi F, Yekaninejad MS, Mirzaei K. Adherence to a healthy plant diet may reduce inflammatory factors in obese and overweight women-a cross-sectional study. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019 Jul-Aug;13(4):2795-2802. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.019. Epub 2019 Jul 26. PMID: 31405709.
Chen Z, Schoufour JD, Rivadeneira F, Lamballais S, Ikram MA, Franco OH, Voortman T. Plant-based Diet and Adiposity Over Time in a Middle-aged and Elderly Population: The Rotterdam Study. Epidemiology. 2019 Mar;30(2):303-310. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000961. PMID: 30507650.
Joshi S, McMacken M, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Plant-Based Diets for Kidney Disease: A Guide for Clinicians. Am J Kidney Dis. 2021 Feb;77(2):287-296. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.10.003. Epub 2020 Oct 16. PMID: 33075387.
Zarantonello D, Brunori G. The Role of Plant-Based Diets in Preventing and Mitigating Chronic Kidney Disease: More Light than Shadows. J Clin Med. 2023 Sep 22;12(19):6137. doi: 10.3390/jcm12196137. PMID: 37834781; PMCID: PMC10573653.
Adair KE, Bowden RG. Ameliorating Chronic Kidney Disease Using a Whole Food Plant-Based Diet. Nutrients. 2020 Apr 6;12(4):1007. doi: 10.3390/nu12041007. PMID: 32268544; PMCID: PMC7230354.
Torreggiani M, Fois A, Lippi F, Attini R, Longhitano E, et al. Plant-based diets for CKD patients: fascinating, trendy, but feasible? A green nephrology perspective. Clin Kidney J. 2022 Dec 9;16(4):647-661. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfac267. PMID: 37007696; PMCID: PMC10061440.
Kim H, Caulfield LE, Garcia-Larsen V, Steffen LM, Grams ME, Coresh J, Rebholz CM. Plant-Based Diets and Incident CKD and Kidney Function. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019 May 7;14(5):682-691. doi: 10.2215/CJN.12391018. Epub 2019 Apr 25. PMID: 31023928; PMCID: PMC6500948.
Stanford J, Stefoska-Needham A, Lambert K, Batterham MJ, Charlton K. Association between plant-based diet quality and chronic kidney disease in Australian adults. Public Health Nutr. 2024 May 17;27(1):e142. doi: 10.1017/S1368980024001095. PMID: 38757167; PMCID: PMC11374545.
Heo S, Han M, Ryu H, Kang E, Kim M, Ahn C, Yang SJ, Oh KH. Compliance with a Healthful Plant-Based Diet Is Associated with Kidney Function in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Nutrients. 2024 Aug 17;16(16):2749. doi: 10.3390/nu16162749. PMID: 39203885; PMCID: PMC11356780.
Świątek Ł, Jeske J, Miedziaszczyk M, Idasiak-Piechocka I. The impact of a vegetarian diet on chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression - a systematic review. BMC Nephrol. 2023 Jun 12;24(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12882-023-03233-y. PMID: 37308813; PMCID: PMC10259031.
Khan MA, Kassianos AJ, Hoy WE, Alam AK, Healy HG, Gobe GC. Promoting Plant-Based Therapies for Chronic Kidney Disease. J Evid Based Integr Med. 2022 Jan-Dec;27:2515690X221079688. doi: 10.1177/2515690X221079688. PMID: 35243916; PMCID: PMC8902019.
Goraya N, Wesson DE. Plant-Based Diets across the Spectrum of Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2025 Mar 12. doi: 10.2215/CJN.0000000706. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40072513.
Cases A, Cigarrán-Guldrís S, Mas S, Gonzalez-Parra E. Vegetable-Based Diets for Chronic Kidney Disease? It Is Time to Reconsider. Nutrients. 2019 Jun 4;11(6):1263. doi: 10.3390/nu11061263. PMID: 31167346; PMCID: PMC6627351.
Liebman SE, Baran A, Barnett TD, Campbell TM, Chen L, Friedman SM, Hasan S, Le TH, Monk RD, Sabescumar J, Wixom N, Zhang A, Campbell EK. The Effects of a Whole-Food Plant-Based Nutrition Education Program on Blood Pressure and Potassium in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Nutrients. 2025 Feb 24;17(5):779. doi: 10.3390/nu17050779. PMID: 40077649; PMCID: PMC11901990.
Campbell TM, Liebman SE. Plant-based dietary approach to stage 3 chronic kidney disease with hyperphosphataemia. BMJ Case Rep. 2019 Dec 23;12(12):e232080. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232080. PMID: 31874846; PMCID: PMC6936381.
Kerley CP. A Review of Plant-based Diets to Prevent and Treat Heart Failure. Card Fail Rev. 2018 May;4(1):54-61. doi: 10.15420/cfr.2018:1:1. PMID: 29892479; PMCID: PMC5971679.
Choi EY, Allen K, McDonnough M, Massera D, Ostfeld RJ. A plant-based diet and heart failure: case report and literature review. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2017 May;14(5):375-378. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.05.003. PMID: 28630617; PMCID: PMC5466944.
Allen KE, Gumber D, Ostfeld RJ. Heart Failure and a Plant-Based Diet. A Case-Report and Literature Review. Front Nutr. 2019 Jun 11;6:82. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00082. PMID: 31245377; PMCID: PMC6579888.
Alasmre FA, Alotaibi HA. Plant-Based Diet: A Potential Intervention for Heart Failure. Cureus. 2020 May 25;12(5):e8282. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8282. PMID: 32601558; PMCID: PMC7317137.
Najjar RS, Montgomery BD. A defined, plant-based diet as a potential therapeutic approach in the treatment of heart failure: A clinical case series. Complement Ther Med. 2019 Aug;45:211-214. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.06.010. Epub 2019 Jun 29. PMID: 31331563.
Najjar RS, Gewirtz AT. Plant-Based Diets: A Path to Ending CVD as We Know It? Nutrients. 2023 Aug 17;15(16):3608. doi: 10.3390/nu15163608. PMID: 37630797; PMCID: PMC10458614.
Kahleova H, Levin S, Barnard ND. Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2018 May-Jun;61(1):54-61. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.05.002. Epub 2018 May 22. PMID: 29800598.
Esselstyn CB Jr, Gendy G, Doyle J, Golubic M, Roizen MF. A way to reverse CAD? J Fam Pract. 2014 Jul;63(7):356-364b. PMID: 25198208.
Mehta P, Tawfeeq S, Padte S, Sunasra R, Desai H, et al. Plant-based diet and its effect on coronary artery disease: A narrative review. World J Clin Cases. 2023 Jul 16;11(20):4752-4762. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i20.4752. PMID: 37583985; PMCID: PMC10424050.
Sanchez A, Mejia A, Sanchez J, Runte E, Brown-Fraser S, Bivens RL. Diets with customary levels of fat from plant origin may reverse coronary artery disease. Med Hypotheses. 2019 Jan;122:103-105. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.10.027. Epub 2018 Oct 30. PMID: 30593389.
Massera D, Zaman T, Farren GE, Ostfeld RJ. A Whole-Food Plant-Based Diet Reversed Angina without Medications or Procedures. Case Rep Cardiol. 2015;2015:978906. doi: 10.1155/2015/978906. Epub 2015 Feb 10. PMID: 25755896; PMCID: PMC4338379.
Ornish D, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH, Brown SE, Gould KL, et al. Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 1998 Dec 16;280(23):2001-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.23.2001. Erratum in: JAMA 1999 Apr 21;281(15):1380. PMID: 9863851.
Satija A, Bhupathiraju SN, Spiegelman D, Chiuve SE, Manson JE, Willett W, Rexrode KM, Rimm EB, Hu FB. Healthful and Unhealthful Plant-Based Diets and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in U.S. Adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Jul 25;70(4):411-422. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.05.047. PMID: 28728684; PMCID: PMC5555375.
Pandey M, AlQassab O, Kanthajan T, Parikh A, Francis AJ, et al. Effectiveness of High-Fiber, Plant-Based Diets in Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2024 Aug 24;16(8):e67660. doi: 10.7759/cureus.67660. PMID: 39314563; PMCID: PMC11419598.
Tuso P, Stoll SR, Li WW. A plant-based diet, atherogenesis, and coronary artery disease prevention. Perm J. 2015 Winter;19(1):62-7. doi: 10.7812/TPP/14-036. Epub 2014 Nov 24. PMID: 25431999; PMCID: PMC4315380.
Peña-Jorquera H, Cid-Jofré V, Landaeta-Díaz L, Petermann-Rocha F, Martorell M, et al. Plant-Based Nutrition: Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome-A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients. 2023 Jul 21;15(14):3244. doi: 10.3390/nu15143244. PMID: 37513660; PMCID: PMC10386413.
Babalola F, Adesuyi A, David F, Kolajo BA, Urhi A, et al. A Comprehensive Review on the Effects of Vegetarian Diets on Coronary Heart Disease. Cureus. 2022 Oct 2;14(10):e29843. doi: 10.7759/cureus.29843. PMID: 36337779; PMCID: PMC9626375.
Sikand G, Severson T. Top 10 dietary strategies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk reduction. Am J Prev Cardiol. 2020 Nov 19;4:100106. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2020.100106. Erratum in: Am J Prev Cardiol. 2021 Mar 22;6:100174. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100174. PMID: 34327475; PMCID: PMC8315554.
Watzl B. Anti-inflammatory effects of plant-based foods and of their constituents. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2008 Dec;78(6):293-8. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831.78.6.293. PMID: 19685439.
Menzel J, Jabakhanji A, Biemann R, Mai K, Abraham K, Weikert C. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations of vegan and vegetarian diets with inflammatory biomarkers. Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 10;10(1):21736. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78426-8. PMID: 33303765; PMCID: PMC7730154.
Min M, Tarmaster A, Bodemer A, Sivamani RK. The Influence of a Plant-Based Diet on Skin Health: Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Skin Healing, and Plant-Based Sources of Micro- and Macro-Nutrients. Life (Basel). 2024 Nov 7;14(11):1439. doi: 10.3390/life14111439. PMID: 39598237; PMCID: PMC11595876.
Knippenberg A, Robinson GA, Wincup C, Ciurtin C, Jury EC, Kalea AZ. Plant-based dietary changes may improve symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2022 Jan;31(1):65-76. doi: 10.1177/09612033211063795. Epub 2022 Jan 3. PMID: 34978516; PMCID: PMC8793314.
Goldner B, Staffier KL. Case series: raw, whole, plant-based nutrition protocol rapidly reverses symptoms in three women with systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome. Front Nutr. 2024 Feb 27;11:1208074. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1208074. PMID: 38505266; PMCID: PMC10949923.
Alwarith J, Kahleova H, Rembert E, Yonas W, Dort S,et al. Nutrition Interventions in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Potential Use of Plant-Based Diets. A Review. Front Nutr. 2019 Sep 10;6:141. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00141. PMID: 31552259; PMCID: PMC6746966.
Mazzucca CB, Raineri D, Cappellano G, Chiocchetti A. How to Tackle the Relationship between Autoimmune Diseases and Diet: Well Begun Is Half-Done. Nutrients. 2021 Nov 5;13(11):3956. doi: 10.3390/nu13113956. PMID: 34836210; PMCID: PMC8620243.
Kim P, Arnold M, Gunti J. Five-Month Trial of Whole-Food Plant-Based Diet in a Patient With Coexisting Myasthenia Gravis and Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome. Am J Lifestyle Med. 2021 Feb 16;15(3):230-237. doi: 10.1177/1559827621993748. PMID: 34025312; PMCID: PMC8120614.
Khalid W, Arshad MS, Ranjha MMAN, Różańska MB, Irfan S,et al. Functional constituents of plant-based foods boost immunity against acute and chronic disorders. Open Life Sci. 2022 Sep 8;17(1):1075-1093. doi: 10.1515/biol-2022-0104. PMID: 36133422; PMCID: PMC9462539.
Hardt L, Mahamat-Saleh Y, Aune D, Schlesinger S. Plant-Based Diets and Cancer Prognosis: a Review of Recent Research. Curr Nutr Rep. 2022 Dec;11(4):695-716. doi: 10.1007/s13668-022-00440-1. Epub 2022 Sep 23. PMID: 36138327; PMCID: PMC9750928.
Cheng E, Ou FS, Gatten C, Ma C, Venook AP, Lenz HJ, O'Reilly EM, Campbell PT, Kuang C, Caan BJ, Blanke CD, Ng K, Meyerhardt JA. Plant-based diet and survival among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2025 Jan 1;117(1):169-179. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djae213. PMID: 39212617; PMCID: PMC11717424.
Loeb S, Hua Q, Bauer SR, Kenfield SA, Morgans AK, et al. Plant-based diet associated with better quality of life in prostate cancer survivors. Cancer. 2024 May 1;130(9):1618-1628. doi: 10.1002/cncr.35172. Epub 2024 Feb 13. PMID: 38348508; PMCID: PMC11009061.
Madigan M, Karhu E. The role of plant-based nutrition in cancer prevention. Journal of Unexplored Medical Data. 2018;3:9. doi: 10.20517/2572-8180.2018.05.
Liu VN, Van Blarigan EL, Zhang L, Graff RE, Loeb S, Langlais CS, Cowan JE, Carroll PR, Chan JM, Kenfield SA. Plant-Based Diets and Disease Progression in Men With Prostate Cancer. JAMA Netw Open. 2024 May 1;7(5):e249053. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9053. PMID: 38691361; PMCID: PMC11063803.
Campbell TM, Campbell EK, Culakova E, Blanchard LM, Wixom N, et al. A whole-food, plant-based randomized controlled trial in metastatic breast cancer: weight, cardiometabolic, and hormonal outcomes. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2024 Jun;205(2):257-266. doi: 10.1007/s10549-024-07266-1. Epub 2024 Mar 6. PMID: 38446316; PMCID: PMC11101531.
Alcorta A, Porta A, Tárrega A, Alvarez MD, Vaquero MP. Foods for Plant-Based Diets: Challenges and Innovations. Foods. 2021 Feb 1;10(2):293. doi: 10.3390/foods10020293. PMID: 33535684; PMCID: PMC7912826.
Storz MA. Is There a Lack of Support for Whole-Food, Plant-Based Diets in the Medical Community? Perm J. 2018;23:18-068. doi: 10.7812/TPP/18-068. PMID: 30589405; PMCID: PMC6307547.
Rickerby A, Green R. Barriers to Adopting a Plant-Based Diet in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2024 Mar 14;16(6):823. doi: 10.3390/nu16060823. PMID: 38542734; PMCID: PMC10975979.
Amiri M, Li J, Hasan W. Personalized Flexible Meal Planning for Individuals With Diet-Related Health Concerns: System Design and Feasibility Validation Study. JMIR Form Res. 2023 Aug 3;7:e46434. doi: 10.2196/46434. PMID: 37535413; PMCID: PMC10436119.
Starke AD, Dierkes J, Lied GA, Kasangu GAB, Trattner C. Supporting healthier food choices through AI-tailored advice: A research agenda. PEC Innov. 2025 Jan 10;6:100372. doi: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2025.100372. PMID: 39896056; PMCID: PMC11786099.
Sandri E, Cerdá Olmedo G, Piredda M, Werner LU, Dentamaro V. Explanatory AI Predicts the Diet Adopted Based on Nutritional and Lifestyle Habits in the Spanish Population. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2025 Jan 24;15(2):11. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe15020011. PMID: 39997075; PMCID: PMC11854735.