Covid-19 Research

Review Article

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier:

An Evidence Based Hypothesis Doctors Do Not Make Decisions Randomly But Based on Individual Patients Risk Profiles

Medicine Group    Start Submission

Volume6-Issue6
Dates: Received: 2025-03-25 | Accepted: 2025-06-23 | Published: 2025-06-24
Pages: 784-791

Abstract

No Abstract Available.

FullText HTML FullText PDF DOI: 10.37871/jbres2131


Certificate of Publication




Copyright

© 2025 Franz P, et al., Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0

How to cite this article

Franz P, Christel W, Manfred W. An Evidence Based Hypothesis Doctors Do Not Make Decisions Randomly But Based on Individual Patients Risk Profi les. J Biomed Res Environ Sci. 2025 Jun 24; 6(6): 784-791. doi: 10.37871/jbres2131, Article ID: JBRES2131, Available at: https://www.jelsciences.com/articles/jbres2131.pdf


Subject area(s)

References


  1. Sullivan LH. The tall office building artistically considered. Lippincott’s Magazine. 1896;57:403-409.
  2. Haynes B. Can it work? Does it work? Is it worth it? The testing of healthcareinterventions is evolving. BMJ. 1999 Sep 11;319(7211):652-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.319.7211.652. PMID: 10480802; PMCID: PMC1116525.
  3. Porzsolt F, Eisemann M, Habs M, Wyer P. Form follows function: pragmatic controlled trials (PCTs) have to answer different questions and require different designs than randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Z Gesundh Wiss. 2013 Jun;21(3):307-313. doi: 10.1007/s10389-012-0544-5. Epub 2012 Nov 7. PMID: 23687408; PMCID: PMC3655212.
  4. Porzsolt F, Weiss Ch, Weiss M, Müller AG, Becker SI, Eisemann M, Kaplan RM. Versorgungsforschung braucht dreidímensionale Standards zur Beschreibung von Gesundheitsleistungen [Health services research needs three-dimensional standards for description of health services]. Monitor Versorgungsforschung. 2019;04:53-60. doi: 10.24945/MVF.04.19.1866-0533.2163.
  5. Porzsolt F, Weiss Ch, Weiss M, Jauch K-W, Kaplan RM. Demystification – A solution for assessment of real-world effectiveness? Trends Med. 2020;20:1-2 doi: 10.15761/TiM.1000231
  6. Krauss A. Why all randomised controlled trials produce biased results. Ann Med. 2018 Jun;50(4):312-322. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2018.1453233. Epub 2018 Apr 4. Erratum in: Ann Med. 2018 Nov;50(7):634-635. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2018.1519954. PMID: 29616838.
  7. Krauss A. Assessing the overall validity of randomised controlled trials. International Studies in the Philosophy of Science. 2021;34:159-182. doi: 10.1080/02698595.2021.2002676.
  8. Porzsolt F, Wiedemann F, Phlippen M, Weiss C, Weiss M, Schmaling K, Kaplan RM. The terminology conflict on efficacy and effectiveness in healthcare. J Comp Eff Res. 2020 Dec;9(17):1171-1178. doi: 10.2217/cer-2020-0149. Epub 2020 Dec 14. PMID: 33314965.
  9. Porzsolt F, Weiss Ch, Weiss M. Covid-19: Twinmethode zum nachweis der real-world effectiveness unter Alltagsbedingungen [Covid-19: Twin method for demonstration of Real-World Effectiveness (RWE) under the conditions of day-to-day care]. Das Gesundheitswesen. 2022;84:1-4. doi: 10.1055/a-1819-6237.
  10. Altman DG, Bland JM. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. BMJ. 1995;311(7003):485. doi: 10.1136/bmj.311.7003.485.
  11. Spitz R. Stiftung Hochschule für Gestaltung (HfG). Ulm Nov. 2012.
  12. Porzsolt F, Rocha NG, Toledo-Arruda AC, Thomaz TG, Moraes C, Bessa-Guerra TR, Leão M, Migowski A, Araujo da Silva AR, Weiss C. Efficacy and effectiveness trials have different goals, use different tools, and generate different messages. Pragmat Obs Res. 2015 Nov 4;6:47-54. doi: 10.2147/POR.S89946. Erratum in: Pragmat Obs Res. 2016 Jan 12;7:1. doi: 10.2147/POR.S100784. PMID: 27774032; PMCID: PMC5045025.
  13. Porzsolt F. Safety means perception of risk. J Med Safety. 2016;10:18-24.
  14. Porzsolt F, Pfuhl G, Kaplan RM, Eisemann M. Covid-19 pandemic lessons: uncritical communication of test results can induce more harm than benefit and raises questions on standardized quality criteria for communication and liability. Health Psychol Behav Med. 2021 Sep 21;9(1):818-829. doi: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1979407. PMID: 34567838; PMCID: PMC8462930.
  15. Glasziou PP, Sanders SL. Investigating causes of heterogeneity in systematic reviews. Stat Med. 2002 Jun 15;21(11):1503-11. doi: 10.1002/sim.1183. PMID: 12111916.
  16. Lee S, Khan T, Grindlay D, Karantana A. Registration and Outcome-Reporting Bias in Randomized Controlled Trials of Distal Radial Fracture Treatment. JB JS Open Access. 2018 Jul 24;3(3):e0065. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.17.00065. PMID: 30533597; PMCID: PMC6242325.
  17. Cook C, Garcia AN. Post-randomization bias. J Man Manip Ther. 2020;28:69-71. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2020.1739153. PMID: 32242772; PMCID: PMC7170305.
  18. Fouche PF, Stein C, Nichols M, Meadley B, Bendall JC, Smith K, Anderson D, Doi SA. Tranexamic Acid for Traumatic Injury in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review and Bias-Adjusted Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Ann Emerg Med. 2024 May;83(5):435-445. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2023.10.004. Epub 2023 Nov 22. PMID: 37999653.
  19. Stegmaier P. Externe evidenz ist genauso wichtig wie interne. Monitor Versorgungsforschung. 2017;3:10-15. doi: 10.24945/MVF.03.17.1866-0533.2013.
  20. Porzsolt F, Weiss M, Weiss Ch. Applying the rule of designers and architects “Form Follows Function (FFF)” can reduce misinterpretations and methodical shortcomings in healthcare. Trends Gen Med. 2024;2(1):1-7.
  21. Irvine A, van der Pol M, Phimister E. Doctor decision making with time inconsistent patients. Soc Sci Med. 2022 Sep;308:115228. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115228. Epub 2022 Jul 20. PMID: 35926445.


Comments


Swift, Reliable, and studious. We aim to cherish the world by publishing precise knowledge.

  • Brown University Library
  • University of Glasgow Library
  • University of Pennsylvania, Penn Library
  • University of Amsterdam Library
  • The University of British Columbia Library
  • UC Berkeley’s Library
  • MIT Libraries
  • Kings College London University
  • University of Texas Libraries
  • UNSW Sidney Library
  • The University of Hong Kong Libraries
  • UC Santa Barbara Library
  • University of Toronto Libraries
  • University of Oxford Library
  • Australian National University
  • ScienceOpen
  • UIC Library
  • KAUST University Library
  • Cardiff University Library
  • Ball State University Library
  • Duke University Library
  • Rutgers University Library
  • Air University Library
  • UNT University of North Texas
  • Washington Research Library Consortium
  • Penn State University Library
  • Georgetown Library
  • Princeton University Library
  • Science Gate
  • Internet Archive
  • WashingTon State University Library
  • Dimensions
  • Zenodo
  • OpenAire
  • Index Copernicus International
  • icmje
  •  International Scientific Indexing (ISI)
  • Sherpa Romeo
  • ResearchGate
  • Universidad De Lima
  • WorldCat
  • JCU Discovery
  • McGill
  • National University of Singepore Libraries
  • SearchIT
  • Scilit
  • SemantiScholar
  • Base Search
  • VU
  • KB
  • Publons
  • oaji
  • Harvard University
  • sjsu-library
  • UWLSearch
  • Florida Institute of Technology
  • CrossRef
  • LUBsearch
  • Universitat de Paris
  • Technical University of Denmark
  • ResearchBIB
  • Google Scholar
  • Microsoft Academic Search