Loneliness and Psychological Well-being of University International Students: The Role of Self Esteem

Ahmad Fawad Sharifi*

Ahmad Fawad Sharifi*

Volume3-Issue12
Dates: Received: 2022-12-06 | Accepted: 2022-12-26 | Published: 2022-12-27
Pages: 1532-1537

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between psychological well-being and loneliness among university international students. The sample (n = 129) was drawn conveniently from university international students. The age range of the sample was 18 to 40 years. The Psychological Well-being scale by Ryff CD [1] Rosenberg self-esteem [2] and UCLA loneliness scale was used to measure psychological well-being, self-esteem and loneliness respectively. Pearson correlation analysis was used to find the relationship among study variables. Hierarchical regression showed that self-esteem did not moderate the relationship between loneliness and psychological well-being. Independent sample t-test revealed that Female international students significantly have a higher level of loneliness than males.

FullText HTML FullText PDF DOI: 10.37871/jbres1630

Certificate of Publication

Copyright

How to cite this article

Sharifi AF. Loneliness and Psychological Well-being of University International Students: The Role of Self Esteem. 2022 Dec 27; 3(12): 1532-1537. doi: 10.37871/jbres1630, Article ID: JBRES1630, Available at: https://www.jelsciences. com/articles/jbres1630.pdf

Subject area(s)

Educational Science

References

Ryff CD. Psychological well-being in adult life. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 1995;4(4). doi: 10.1111/1467-8721.ep10772395.
Rosenberg M. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). 1965. doi: 10.1037/t01038-000.
Brennan T. Loneliness at adolescence. In: Peplau ve LA, Perlman D. editors. Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy. New York: Wiley; 1982. p.269-290.
Anderson L. Loneliness research and interventions: A review of the literature. Aging and Mental Health. 1998;2(4):264-274. doi: 10.1080/13607869856506.
Johnson RA, Rose J, Russell DW. Loneliness and interpersonal relationships across the school years. In: Medway FJ, Cafferty TP, editors. School Psychology: A social psychological perspective. Hardback: Education-Erlbaum Associates. 1992. p.377-396.
Chen S, Cheung FM, Bond MH, Leung JP. Going beyond self-esteem to predict life satisfaction: The Chinese case. Asian Journal of Social Psychology. 2006;9:24-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-839X.2006.00182.x.
Donaldson JM, Watson R. Loneliness in elderly people: an important area for nursing research. J Adv Nurs. 1996 Nov;24(5):952-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb02931.x. PMID: 8933255.
Gencoz T, Ozlale Y. Direct and Indirect effects of social support on psychological well-being. Social Behavior and Personality. 2006.
Killeen C. Loneliness: an epidemic in modern society. J Adv Nurs. 1998 Oct;28(4):762-70. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00703.x. PMID: 9829664.
Casas F, Figuer C, Gonzalez M, Malo S, Alsinet C, Subarroca S. The well-being of 12 to 16 year old adolescents and their parents: Results from 1999 to 2003 Spanish samples. Social Indicators Research. 2007;83:87-115. doi: 10.1007/s11205-006-9059-1.
Rokach A. Loneliness and the life cycle. Psychol Rep. 2000 Apr;86(2):629-42. doi: 10.2466/pr0.2000.86.2.629. PMID: 10840922.
Rokach A. Determinants of loneliness of young adult drug users. J Psychol. 2002 Nov;136(6):613-30. doi: 10.1080/00223980209604823. PMID: 12523450.
Brage D, Meredith W, Woodward J. Correlates of loneliness among midwestern adolescents. Adolescence. 1993 Fall;28(111):685-93. PMID: 8237553.
Neto F. Loneliness among Portuguese adolescents. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal. 1992;20(1):15-22.
Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Dec;51(6):1173-82. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173. PMID: 3806354.
Laursen B, Hartl AC. Understanding loneliness during adolescence: developmental changes that increase the risk of perceived social isolation. J Adolesc. 2013 Dec;36(6):1261-8. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.06.003. Epub 2013 Jul 15. PMID: 23866959.
Peplau LA, Perlman D. Perspectives on loneliness. In Loneliness: A Sourcebook of Current Theory Research and Therapy. Peplau LA, Perlman D, editors. New York, NY, USA: John Wiley; 1982. p.1-18.
Cacioppo S, Grippo AJ, London S, Goossens L, Cacioppo JT. Loneliness: clinical import and interventions. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2015 Mar;10(2):238-49. doi: 10.1177/1745691615570616. PMID: 25866548; PMCID: PMC4391342.
Eccles AM, Qualter P, Madsen KR, Holstein BE. Loneliness in the lives of Danish adolescents: Associations with health and sleep. Scand J Public Health. 2020 Dec;48(8):877-887. doi: 10.1177/1403494819865429. Epub 2020 Jan 23. PMID: 31969070; PMCID: PMC7678339.
Lyyra N, Välimaa R, Tynjälä J. Loneliness and subjective health complaints among school-aged children. Scand J Public Health. 2018 Feb;46(20_suppl):87-93. doi: 10.1177/1403494817743901. PMID: 29552967.
Cotterell J. Social relations. Social networks and social influences in adolescence. London: Taylor & Francis Inc; 1996. p.21-98.
Brage D, Meredith W. A causal model of adolescent depression. J Psychol. 1994 Jul;128(4):455-68. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1994.9712752. PMID: 7932297.
Moradi B, Subich L. Examining the moderating role of self-esteem in the link between experiences of perceived sexist events and psychological distress. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 2004;51:50-56. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.50.
Frazier PA, Tix AP, Barron KE. Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 2004;51:115-134. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.115.
Diener E. Subjective well-being. The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. Am Psychol. 2000 Jan;55(1):34-43. PMID: 11392863.
Diener E, Diener M. Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1995 Apr;68(4):653-63. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.68.4.653. PMID: 7738768.
Longmore MA, Demaris A. Perceived inequity and depression in intimate relationships: The moderating effect of self-esteem. Social Psychology Quarterly. 1997;60:172-184. doi: 10.2307/2787103.
Hawkley LC, Hughes ME, Waite LJ, Masi CM, Thisted RA, Cacioppo JT. From social structural factors to perceptions of relationship quality and loneliness: the Chicago health, aging, and social relations study. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2008 Nov;63(6):S375-84. doi: 10.1093/geronb/63.6.s375. PMID: 19092047; PMCID: PMC2769562.
Jones WH, Freemon JE, Goswick RA. The persistence of loneliness: Self and other determinants. Journal of Personality. 1981. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1981.tb00844.x.
Eccles AM, Qualter P. Review: Alleviating loneliness in young people - a meta-analysis of interventions. Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2021 Feb;26(1):17-33. doi: 10.1111/camh.12389. Epub 2020 May 13. PMID: 32406165.