Hainan Gibbons (Nomascus hainanus), the Most Threatened and Rarest Primate in the World

Ren Baoping*; Zhou Jiang; Deng Huaiqing

**Ren Baoping*, Zhou Jiang and Deng Huaiqing**

Volume3-Issue10
Dates: Received: 2022-09-14 | Accepted: 2022-10-10 | Published: 2022-10-12
Pages: 1152-1154

Abstract

Gibbons (Hylobatidae) are exclusively arboreal small apes only inhabiting in tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia [1]. Gibbons in Nomascus have 52 chromosomes and adult males and females are almost the same body size.

FullText HTML FullText PDF DOI: 10.37871/jbres1570

Certificate of Publication

Copyright

How to cite this article

Baoping R, Jiang Z, Huaiqing D. Hainan Gibbons (Nomascus hainanus), the Most Threatened and Rarest Primate in the World. 2022 Oct 12; 3(10): 1152-1154. doi: 10.37871/jbres1570, Article ID: JBRES1570, Available at: https://www.jelsciences.com/articles/jbres1570.pdf

Subject area(s)

Primatology

References

Carbone L, Harris RA, Gnerre S, Veeramah KR, Lorente-Galdos B, Huddleston J, Meyer TJ, Herrero J, Roos C, Aken B, Anaclerio F, Archidiacono N, Baker C, Barrell D, Batzer MA, Beal K, Blancher A, Bohrson CL, Brameier M, Campbell MS, Capozzi O, Casola C, Chiatante G, Cree A, Damert A, de Jong PJ, Dumas L, Fernandez-Callejo M, Flicek P, Fuchs NV, Gut I, Gut M, Hahn MW, Hernandez-Rodriguez J, Hillier LW, Hubley R, Ianc B, Izsvák Z, Jablonski NG, Johnstone LM, Karimpour-Fard A, Konkel MK, Kostka D, Lazar NH, Lee SL, Lewis LR, Liu Y, Locke DP, Mallick S, Mendez FL, Muffato M, Nazareth LV, Nevonen KA, O'Bleness M, Ochis C, Odom DT, Pollard KS, Quilez J, Reich D, Rocchi M, Schumann GG, Searle S, Sikela JM, Skollar G, Smit A, Sonmez K, ten Hallers B, Terhune E, Thomas GW, Ullmer B, Ventura M, Walker JA, Wall JD, Walter L, Ward MC, Wheelan SJ, Whelan CW, White S, Wilhelm LJ, Woerner AE, Yandell M, Zhu B, Hammer MF, Marques-Bonet T, Eichler EE, Fulton L, Fronick C, Muzny DM, Warren WC, Worley KC, Rogers J, Wilson RK, Gibbs RA. Gibbon genome and the fast karyotype evolution of small apes. Nature. 2014 Sep 11;513(7517):195-201. doi: 10.1038/nature13679. PMID: 25209798; PMCID: PMC4249732.
Mootnick AR, Fan PF. A comparative study of crested gibbons (Nomascus). Am J Primatol. 2011 Feb;73(2):135-54. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20880. Epub 2010 Oct 15. PMID: 20954247.
Chan BPL. Hainan Gibbon Nomascus hainanus (Thomas, 1892) China (Island of Hainan). In: Schwitzer C, Mittermeier RA, Rylands AB, Chiozza F, Williamson EA, Wallis J, Cotton A, editors. Primates in Peril: The World’s 25 Most Endangered Primates 2014-2016; 2015. p.67-69. IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG), International Primatological Society (IPS), Conservation International (CI), and Bristol Zoological Society, Arlington, VA.
Mittermeier RA, Rylands AB, Wilson DE, editors. Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Primates. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions; 2013. p.788.
Li P, Garber PA, Bi Y, Jin K, Qi X, Zhou J. Diverse grouping and mating strategies in the Critically Endangered Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus). Primates. 2022 May;63(3):237-243. doi: 10.1007/s10329-022-00983-5. Epub 2022 Mar 24. PMID: 35325328; PMCID: PMC9061651.
Bryant JV, Gottelli D, Zeng X, Hong X, Chan BP, Fellowes JR, Zhang Y, Luo J, Durrant C, Geissmann T, Chatterjee HJ, Turvey ST. Assessing current genetic status of the Hainan gibbon using historical and demographic baselines: implications for conservation management of species of extreme rarity. Mol Ecol. 2016 Aug;25(15):3540-56. doi: 10.1111/mec.13716. Epub 2016 Jul 9. PMID: 27273107.
Li ZG, Wei FW, Zhou J. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequence analysis and population rejuvenation of Hainan gibbons (Nomascus hainanus). Biodiversity Science. 2010;18(5):523-527. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.523.
Guo Y, Peng D, Han L, Liu T, Li G, Garber PA, Zhou J. Mitochondrial DNA control region sequencing of the critically endangered Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus) reveals two female origins and extremely low genetic diversity. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. 2021 Apr 7;6(4):1355-1359. doi: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1909432. PMID: 33889748; PMCID: PMC8032330.
Bryant JV, Brulé A, Wong MHG, Hong XJ, Zhou ZL, Han WT, Jeffree TE, Turvey ST. Detection of a new Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus) group using acoustic call playback. International Journal of Primatology. 2016a;37:534-547. doi: 10.1007/s10764-016-9919-8.
Bartlett TQ. The hylobatidae: small apes of Asia. In: Campbell CJ, Fuentes A, MacKinnon KC, Stumpf RM, Bearder SK, editors. Primates in perspective respective. New York: Oxford University Press; 2011. p.274-289.
Xu LH, Liu ZH. Investigation on Hainan gibbons in the Bawangling Nature Reserve. Chinese Wildlife. 1984;(4):60-62.
Zhou J. The ecology and behavior traits of Hainan Black-crested Gibbon (Nomascus hainanus). Ph.D. Dissertation, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China. 2008.
Chan BPL, Lo YFP, Mo, YN. New hope for the Hainan gibbon: Formation of a new group outside its known range. Oryx. 2020;54(3):296-298. doi: 10.1017/S0030605320000083.
Zhou J, Wei FW, Li M, Pui Lok CB, Wang DL. Reproductive characters and mating behaviour of wild Nomascus hainanus. International Journal of Primatology. 2008;29:1037-1046. doi: 10.1007/s10764-008-9272-7.
Zhang MX, Fellowes JR, Jiang XL, Wang W, Chan Bosco PL, Ren GP, Zhu JG. Degradation of tropical forest in Hainan, China, 1991–2008: Conservation implications for Hainan Gibbon (Nomascus hainanus). Biological Conservation. 2010;143: 1397-1404. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2010.03.014.
Zhou J, Wei FW, Li M, Zhang JF, Wang D, Pan RL. Hainan black-crested gibbon is headed for extinction. International Journal of Primatology. 2005;26:453-465. doi: 10.1007/s10764-005-2933-x.
Geissmann T. Gibbon songs and human music in an evolutionary perspective. In: Wallin NL, Merker BS, editors. The origins of music. Cambridge: MIT Press; 2000. p.103-123.
Geissmann T. Gibbons – Die singenden Menschenaffen/Gibbons – The singing apes. Anthropologisches Institut und Museum der Universität Zürich und Gibbon Conservation Alliance. Zürich. 2014.
Zhou J, Li XC, Zhou ZL, Han WT, Chen SH. The application of GIS technology to the Hainan gibbons’ conservation. Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Nature Sciences). 2009;27(4):22-29.
Liu Y. Studies on available food resources of Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus).Thesis, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China. 2015.
Thinh VN, Rawson B, Hallam C, Kenyon M, Nadler T, Walter L, Roos C. Phylogeny and distribution of crested gibbons (genus Nomascus) based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence data. Am J Primatol. 2010;72(12):1047-54. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20861. PMID: 20623503.