Subrina Jesmin* Md. Arifur Rahman, Farzana Sohael, Nobutake Shimojo, Naoto Yamaguchi, Satoru Kawano4 and Masao Moroi
Volume3-Issue8
Dates: Received: 2022-07-19 | Accepted: 2022-08-10 | Published: 2022-08-11
Pages: 889-894
Abstract
For decades, monkeypox virus was only a disease that infected animals but, in the 1990’s it found a new target in humans. This paper dives into the history of human monkeypox and the root of the cause right from the start. The aim here is to understand the underlying cause for the sudden rise in monkeypox cases in regions that are not conducive to the disease. Throughout the paper, there will also be a list of activities mentioned that people ought to avoid when a known person is infected. Overall, by the end of the paper there will be a clear idea of do’s and don’ts regarding monkeypox virus.
FullText HTML
FullText PDF
DOI: 10.37871/jbres1528
Certificate of Publication
Copyright
© 2022 Jesmin S, et al. Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 
How to cite this article
Jesmin S, Md. Arifur R, Sohael F, Shimojo N, Yamaguchi N, Kawano S, Moroi M. Monkeypox and an Interesting Look at Changes in Epidemiology. J Biomed Res Environ Sci. 2022 Aug 11; 3(8): 889-894. doi: 10.37871/jbres1528, Article ID: JBRES1528, Available at: https://www.jelsciences.com/articles/jbres1528.pdf
Subject area(s)
References
- Ligon BL. Monkeypox: a review of the history and emergence in the Western hemisphere. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2004 Oct;15(4):280-7. doi: 10.1053/j.spid.2004.09.001. PMID: 15494953; PMCID: PMC7129998.
- Bajaj S. What you need to know about the history of monkeypox. 2022.
- Sadeuh-Mba SA, Yonga MG, Els M, Batejat C, Eyangoh S, Caro V, Etoundi A, Carniel E, Njouom R. Monkeypox virus phylogenetic similarities between a human case detected in Cameroon in 2018 and the 2017-2018 outbreak in Nigeria. Infect Genet Evol. 2019 Apr;69:8-11. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.01.006. Epub 2019 Jan 8. PMID: 30634001.
- Beer EM, Rao VB. A systematic review of the epidemiology of human monkeypox outbreaks and implications for outbreak strategy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Oct 16;13(10):e0007791. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007791. PMID: 31618206; PMCID: PMC6816577.
- World Health Organization. Multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries. 2022.
- GOV.UK. Monkeypox: Background information. 2022.
- Rigby J Explainer: Why monkeypox cases are spreading in Europe, US. 2022.
- Davey M. Why are monkeypox cases suddenly emerging across the world and could the virus have mutated? 2022.
- Jezek Z, Grab B, Szczeniowski MV, Paluku KM, Mutombo M. Human monkeypox: secondary attack rates. Bull World Health Organ. 1988;66(4):465-70. PMID: 2844429; PMCID: PMC2491159.
- The Guardian. UN denounces ‘homophobic and racist’ reporting on monkeypox spread. 2022.
- Parker S, Buller RM. A review of experimental and natural infections of animals with monkeypox virus between 1958 and 2012. Future Virol. 2013 Feb 1;8(2):129-157. doi: 10.2217/fvl.12.130. PMID: 23626656; PMCID: PMC3635111.
- Hutson CL, Lee KN, Abel J, Carroll DS, Montgomery JM, Olson VA, Li Y, Davidson W, Hughes C, Dillon M, Spurlock P, Kazmierczak JJ, Austin C, Miser L, Sorhage FE, Howell J, Davis JP, Reynolds MG, Braden Z, Karem KL, Damon IK, Regnery RL. Monkeypox zoonotic associations: insights from laboratory evaluation of animals associated with the multi-state US outbreak. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Apr;76(4):757-68. PMID: 17426184.
- Sale TA, Melski JW, Stratman EJ. Monkeypox: an epidemiologic and clinical comparison of African and US disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Sep;55(3):478-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.05.061. PMID: 16908354.
- CDC. Past U.S. Cases and Outbreaks.
- Formenty P, Muntasir MO, Damon I, Chowdhary V, Opoka ML, Monimart C, Mutasim EM, Manuguerra JC, Davidson WB, Karem KL, Cabeza J, Wang S, Malik MR, Durand T, Khalid A, Rioton T, Kuong-Ruay A, Babiker AA, Karsani ME, Abdalla MS. Human monkeypox outbreak caused by novel virus belonging to Congo Basin clade, Sudan, 2005. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Oct;16(10):1539-45. doi: 10.3201/eid1610.100713. PMID: 20875278; PMCID: PMC3294404.
- Guarner J, Johnson BJ, Paddock CD, Shieh WJ, Goldsmith CS, Reynolds MG, Damon IK, Regnery RL, Zaki SR; Veterinary Monkeypox Virus Working Group. Monkeypox transmission and pathogenesis in prairie dogs. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Mar;10(3):426-31. doi: 10.3201/eid1003.030878. PMID: 15109408; PMCID: PMC3322777.
- Brown K, Leggat PA. Human Monkeypox: Current State of Knowledge and Implications for the Future. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2016 Dec 20;1(1):8. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed1010008. PMID: 30270859; PMCID: PMC6082047.
- Reliefweb. Multi-country monkeypox outbreak: Situation Update. 2022.
- Cleveland Clinic. (n.d.). Monkeypox.
- Nunez K. All About Monkeypox. 2022.
