Extension-Distraction Spine Injury at Lumbosacral Junction: A Case Report

Chaisiri Chaichankul*; Teerawat Pansrestee; Chaiyos Chaichankul; Pawin Gajaseni

**Chaisiri Chaichankul*, Teerawat Pansrestee, Chaiyos Chaichankul and Pawin Gajaseni**

Volume3-Issue1
Dates: Received: 2021-12-28 | Accepted: 2022-01-03 | Published: 2022-01-04
Pages: 001-004

Abstract

Case: We presented a case of extension-distraction spine injury at lumbosacral junction in a patient with fused spine concomitant with a lumbosacral transitional vertebra. Detail of an exceedingly rare case of traumatic lumbosacral hyperextension-distraction fracture in the individual was described and reviewed.

Conclusion: Although the occurrence of extension-distraction spine injury at lumbosacral junction is extremely rare, it can occur in some circumstances. Application of damage control spine concept including early definitive stabilization of spine fractures and minimally invasive spine surgery can give satisfactory outcomes in the polytraumatized patient.

FullText HTML FullText PDF DOI: 10.37871/jbres1391

Certificate of Publication

Copyright

How to cite this article

Chaichankul C, Pansrestee T, Chaichankul C, Gajaseni P. Extension-Distraction Spine Injury at Lumbosacral Junction: A Case Report. J Biomed Res Environ Sci. 2022 Jan 04; 3(1): 001-004. doi: 10.37871/jbres1391, Article ID: JBRES1391, Available at: https://www.jelsciences.com/articles/jbres1391.pdf

Subject area(s)

Rheumatology

Orthopedics

Surgery

References

White AA, Panjabi MM. Clinical Biomechanics of the Spine. 2nd Ed. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1990. https://bit.ly/3zlhi0N
Magerl F, Aebi M, Gertzbein SD, Harms J, Nazarian S. A comprehensive classification of thoracic and lumbar injuries. Eur Spine J. 1994;3(4):184-201. doi: 10.1007/BF02221591. PMID: 7866834.
Mirza SK, Mirza AJ, Chapman JR, Anderson PA. Classifications of thoracic and lumbar fractures: rationale and supporting data. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Sep-Oct;10(5):364-77. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200209000-00008. PMID: 12374487.
Burkus JK, Denis F. Hyperextension injuries of the thoracic spine in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. Report of four cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1994 Feb;76(2):237-43. doi: 10.2106/00004623-199402000-00010. PMID: 8113258.
McKenzie MK, Bartal E, Pay NT. A hyperextension injury of the thoracic spine in association with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. Orthopedics. 1991 Aug;14(8):895-8. PMID: 1923970.
Leone A, Marino M, Dell'Atti C, Zecchi V, Magarelli N, Colosimo C. Spinal fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int. 2016 Oct;36(10):1335-46. doi: 10.1007/s00296-016-3524-1. Epub 2016 Jul 5. PMID: 27379763.
Okuda A, Konishi H, Maegawa N, Masuda K, Shigematsu H, Kawamura K, Fukushima H, Tanaka Y. Intercostal artery rupture associated with thoracic spinal hyperextension injury caused by a minor trauma: A case report. Trauma Case Rep. 2021 Apr 21;33:100487. doi: 10.1016/j.tcr.2021.100487. PMID: 33997230; PMCID: PMC8102801.
Farshad-Amacker NA, Aichmair A, Herzog RJ, Farshad M. Merits of different anatomical landmarks for correct numbering of the lumbar vertebrae in lumbosacral transitional anomalies. Eur Spine J. 2015 Mar;24(3):600-8. doi: 10.1007/s00586-014-3573-7. Epub 2014 Sep 16. PMID: 25223429.
Lian J, Levine N, Cho W. A review of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae and associated vertebral numeration. Eur Spine J. 2018 May;27(5):995-1004. doi: 10.1007/s00586-018-5554-8. Epub 2018 Mar 21. PMID: 29564611.
Banagan K, Ludwig SC. Thoracolumbar spine Trauma: When damage control minimally invasive spine surgery is an option. Semin Spine Surg. 2012;24:221-225.
Bianco RJ, Arnoux PJ, Wagnac E, Mac-Thiong JM, Aubin CÉ. Minimizing Pedicle Screw Pullout Risks: A Detailed Biomechanical Analysis of Screw Design and Placement. Clin Spine Surg. 2017 Apr;30(3):E226-E232. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0000000000000151. PMID: 28323704.
Mehta H, Santos E, Ledonio C, Sembrano J, Ellingson A, Pare P, Murrell B, Nuckley DJ. Biomechanical analysis of pedicle screw thread differential design in an osteoporotic cadaver model. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2012 Mar;27(3):234-40. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2011.10.004. Epub 2011 Nov 8. PMID: 22071427.
Holdsworth F. Fractures, dislocations, and fracture-dislocations of the spine. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970 Dec;52(8):1534-51. PMID: 5483077.
Burke DC. Hyperextension injuries of the spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1971 Feb;53(1):3-12. PMID: 5578765.
Schouten R, Fisher C. Fusion for lower lumbar (L3-L5) fractures: Surgical indications and techniques. Semin Spine Surg. 2011;23:249-256.
Finn CA, Stauffer ES. Burst fracture of the fifth lumbar vertebra. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1992 Mar;74(3):398-403. PMID: 1548267.
Aihara T, Takahashi K, Ogasawara A, Itadera E, Ono Y, Moriya H. Intervertebral disc degeneration associated with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae: a clinical and anatomical study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005 May;87(5):687-91. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.87B5.15727. PMID: 15855373.
Vergauwen S, Parizel PM, van Breusegem L, Van Goethem JW, Nackaerts Y, Van den Hauwe L, De Schepper AM. Distribution and incidence of degenerative spine changes in patients with a lumbo-sacral transitional vertebra. Eur Spine J. 1997;6(3):168-72. doi: 10.1007/BF01301431. PMID: 9258634; PMCID: PMC3454625.
Elster AD. Bertolotti's syndrome revisited. Transitional vertebrae of the lumbar spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1989 Dec;14(12):1373-7. PMID: 2533403.
De Oliveira JC. A new type of fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1978 Jun;60(4):481-8. PMID: 670270.
Weiss W, Bardana D, Yen D. Anterior surgical treatment for an extension-distraction spine injury: a case report. J Trauma. 2009 Feb;66(2):E17-9. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000222720.59829.04. PMID: 18288011.
Vaccaro AR, Schroeder GD, Kepler CK, Cumhur Oner F, Vialle LR, Kandziora F, Koerner JD, Kurd MF, Reinhold M, Schnake KJ, Chapman J, Aarabi B, Fehlings MG, Dvorak MF. The surgical algorithm for the AOSpine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system. Eur Spine J. 2016 Apr;25(4):1087-94. doi: 10.1007/s00586-015-3982-2. Epub 2015 May 8. PMID: 25953527.
Alkosha HM, Omar SA, Albayar A, Awad BI. Candidates for Percutaneous Screw Fixation Without Fusion in Thoracolumbar Fractures: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study. Global Spine J. 2020 Dec;10(8):982-991. doi: 10.1177/2192568219886320. Epub 2019 Nov 14. PMID: 32875856; PMCID: PMC7645079.
Dodwad SM, Khan SN. Surgical stabilization of the spine in the osteoporotic patient. Orthop Clin North Am. 2013 Apr;44(2):243-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2013.01.008. Epub 2013 Feb 12. PMID: 23544827.
Kuhns CA, Reiter M, Pfeiffer F, Choma TJ. Surgical strategies to improve fixation in the osteoporotic spine: the effects of tapping, cement augmentation, and screw trajectory. Global Spine J. 2014 Feb;4(1):47-54. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1361588. Epub 2013 Nov 22. PMID: 24494181; PMCID: PMC3908976.
Goldstein CL, Brodke DS, Choma TJ. Surgical Management of Spinal Conditions in the Elderly Osteoporotic Spine. Neurosurgery. 2015 Oct;77 Suppl 4:S98-107. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000948. PMID: 26378363.
Curfs I, Schotanus M, VAN Hemert WLW, Heijmans M, DE Bie RA, VAN Rhijn LW, Willems PCPH. Reliability and Clinical Usefulness of Current Classifications in Traumatic Thoracolumbar Fractures: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Int J Spine Surg. 2020 Dec;14(6):956-969. doi: 10.14444/7145. Epub 2020 Dec 29. PMID: 33560256; PMCID: PMC7872412.