Evaluation of Levels of Phosphatases in the Lindane Exposed Fish, Channa punctatus

Aradhna Gupta; Bechan Sharma*

Aradhna Gupta and Bechan Sharma*

Volume4-Issue3
Dates: Received: 2023-03-15 | Accepted: 2023-03-29 | Published: 2023-03-31
Pages: 555-561

Abstract

The alterations in the activities of acid and alkaline phosphatase are good indicators of stress due to the exposure of fish to any toxicant. The perturbations in their activities may result in the decreased immune responses and intestinal microflora activity. In the present study, the effect of sublethal concentrations of lindane (0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/l) in different tissues of C. punctatus exposed for 96h has been studied. The data showed decrease in the acid phosphatase (AcP) activity in the following order: gills>muscle>heart>brain>kidney>liver, respectively, and for the Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) the order was gills>liver>muscle> heart>brain>kidney, respectively, for 96h treatment. At highest concentration of lindane (0.1 mg/l) tested; the maximum decrease in AcP activity was recorded in gills (47.11%) and minimum in liver (15.02%). The other organs such as muscle, heart, brain and kidney exhibited 38.12, 30.85, 29.97 and 16.85% decrease, respectively. The activity of ALP showed maximum decrease in gills (27.93%) and minimum in kidney (0.98%). At highest concentration of lindane (0.1 mg/l) tested, the brain, heart, liver and muscle registered 1, 6.29, 18.84 and 14.25% decrease in ALP activity, respectively, under this condition

FullText HTML FullText PDF DOI: 10.37871/jbres1710

Certificate of Publication

Copyright

How to cite this article

Gupta A, Sharma B. Evaluation of Levels of Phosphatases in the Lindane Exposed Fish, Channa punctatus. 2023 Mar 31; 4(3): 555-561. doi: 10.37871/jbres1710, Article ID: JBRES1710, Available at: https://www.jelsciences.com/articles/jbres1710. pdf

Subject area(s)

Toxicology

References

EPA. Protecting water quality from agricultural runoff. Fact Sheet No. EPA-841-F-05-001. 2005.
Gupta A, Rai DK, Pandey RS, Sharma B. Analysis of some heavy metals in the riverine water, sediments and fish from river Ganges at Allahabad. Environ Monit Assess. 2009 Oct;157(1-4):449-58. doi: 10.1007/s10661-008-0547-4. Epub 2008 Oct 11. PMID: 18850290.
Chaudhuri K, Selvaraj S, Pal AK. Studies on the genotoxicity of endosulfan in bacterial systems. Mutat Res. 1999 Feb 2;439(1):63-7. doi: 10.1016/s1383-5718(98)00174-0. PMID: 10029677.
Bhatnagar MC, Tyagi M, Tamata S. Pyrethroid induced toxicity to phosphatases in C. batrachus. J Environ Biol. 1995;16:11-14.
Velíšek J, Jurčíková J, Dobšíková R, Svobodová Z, Piačková V, Máchová J, Novotný L. Effects of deltamethrin on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2007 May;23(3):297-301. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2006.11.006. Epub 2006 Nov 18. PMID: 21783771.
Bhattacharya M, Kaviraj A. Toxicity of the pyrethroid pesticide fenvalerate to freshwater catfish Clarias gariepinus: lethality, biochemical effects and role of dietary ascorbic acid. J Environ Sci Health B. 2009 Aug;44(6):578-83. doi: 10.1080/03601230903000602. PMID: 20183065.
Kumar A, Sharma B, Pandey RS. Toxicoogical assessment of the pyrethroids insecticides with special reference to cypermethrin and λ-cyalothrin in fresh water fishes. Int J Biol Med Res. 2010;1(4):315-325.
Guardiola FA, Cuesta A, Esteban MÁ. Using skin mucus to evaluate stress in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2016 Dec;59:323-330. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.005. Epub 2016 Nov 3. PMID: 27818341.
Lallès JP. Biology, environmental and nutritional modulation of skin mucus alkaline phosphatase in fish: A review. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2019 Jun;89:179-186. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.053. Epub 2019 Mar 27. PMID: 30928666.
Khan S, Sharma N. A study of enzymes acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver and kidney of fish Gambusia affinis exposed to the chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2012;13(1):88-90.
LOWRY OH, ROSEBROUGH NJ, FARR AL, RANDALL RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265-75. PMID: 14907713.
Salomon LL, James J, Weaver PR. Assay of phosphatase activity by direct spectrophotometric determination of phenolate ion. Anal Chem. 1964;36(6):1162-1164. doi: 10.1021/ac60212a071.
Plummer DT. An introduction to practical biochemistry. New Delhi, India: Tata Publishing Company; 1971.
Velisek J, Inlason T, Gomulka P, Svoboda Z, Dobsikova R, Noyotyn L, Dudzik M. Effects of cypermethin on rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss). Veterinani Medicina. 2006;51(10):469-476.
Ogueji EO, Auta J. Investigation of biochemical effects of acute concentrations of λ-cyhalothrin on African catfish Clarias batrachus-Teugels. Journal of Fisheries International. 2007;2(1):86-90.
Thatheyus AJ, Selvanayagam M, Sebastin Raj S. Toxicity of nickel on protein content of Cyprinus carpio var. Communis (Linn.). Indian J Environ Hlth. 1992;34(3):236-238.
Agrahari S, Gopal K. Fluctuations of certain biochemical constituents and marker enzymes as a consequence of monocotrophs toxicity in the Indian edible freshwater fish C. punctatus. Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2009;94:5-9.
Gill TS, Pande J, Tewari H. Sublethal effects of an organophosphorus insecticide on certain metabolite levels in a freshwater fish, Puntius conchonius Hamilton. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 1990;36:290-299.
El-Sayed YS, Saad TT. Subacute intoxication of a deltamethrin-based preparation (Butox) 5% EC) in monosex Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008 Mar;102(3):293-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00157.x. Epub 2007 Dec 5. PMID: 18053029.
Bhattacharya M, Kaviraj A. Toxicity of the pyrethroid pesticide fenvalerate to freshwater catfish Clarias gariepinus: lethality, biochemical effects and role of dietary ascorbic acid. J Environ Sci Health B. 2009 Aug;44(6):578-83. doi: 10.1080/03601230903000602. PMID: 20183065.
Kori-Siakpere O, Ikomi RB, Ogbe MG. Variations in acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities in the pasma of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus exposed to sublethal concentration of potassium permanganate. Asian J Exp Biol Sci. 2010;1:170-174.
Velíšek J, Jurčíková J, Dobšíková R, Svobodová Z, Piačková V, Máchová J, Novotný L. Effects of deltamethrin on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2007 May;23(3):297-301. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2006.11.006. Epub 2006 Nov 18. PMID: 21783771.
Oruc EO, Uner N. Effects of 2,4 diamine on some parameters of protein and carbohydrate matabolism in the serum, muscle and liver of Cyprinus carpio. Environ Poll A. 1999;41:165-177.
Bhatnagar MC, Bana AK. Pesticides induced histophysiological alterations in liver of Channa gachua. Proc Acad Environ Biol. 1993;2:115-118.
Gill TS, Pande J, Tewari H. Individual and combined toxicity of common pesticides to teleost Puntius conchonius Hamilton. Indian J Exp Biol. 1991 Feb;29(2):145-8. PMID: 1869298.
Verma H, Srivastava N. Changes in certain enzyme of the ovary and liver in Channa punctatus. Electronic J. Ichthyol. 2010;2:85-91.
Agrahari S, Gopal K. Inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase in different tissues of fresh water fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to monocotrophs. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 2008;92:57-60.
Obamanu FG, Gabriel UU, Edori OS, Emetonjr JN. Biomarker enzymes in muscle tissue and organs of Clarianus gariepinus after intramuscular injection with aqueous extracts of Lepidagathis alopecuroides leaves. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2009;3(12):995-1001.
Naidu KA, Naidu KA, Ramamurthi R. Acute effect of mercury toxicity on some enzymes in liver of teleost Sarotherodon mossambicus. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1984 Jun;8(3):215-8. doi: 10.1016/0147-6513(84)90024-1. PMID: 6329640.
Trivedi R, Rajbanshi VK. Effect of zinc and copper on the Akaine phosphatases of Labeo rohita (Hamilton). The fifth Indian Fisheries forum proceedings. 2002.
Boge G, Leydet G, Houvet D. The effects of hexavalent chromium on the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the intestine of rainbow trout (Onchorynkiss mykiss). Aquatic Toxicology. 1992;23:247-260.
Aanand S, Purushthamam CS, Pal AK, Rajendra KV. Toxicological studies on the effect of copper, lead and zinc on selected enzymes in the adductor muscle and intestinal diverticula of the green mussel Perna viridis. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences. 2010;39(2):299-302.
Varis J, Haverinen J, Vornanen M. Lowering Temperature is the Trigger for Glycogen Build-Up and Winter Fasting in Crucian Carp (Carassius carassius). Zoolog Sci. 2016 Feb;33(1):83-91. doi: 10.2108/zs150072. PMID: 26853873.
Pimentel MS, Faleiro F, Diniz M, Machado J, Pousão-Ferreira P, Peck MA, Pörtner HO, Rosa R. Oxidative Stress and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Flatfish Larvae in a Changing Ocean. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 29;10(7):e0134082. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134082. PMID: 26221723; PMCID: PMC4519323.
Shaikila BI, Thangavel P, Ramaswamy M. Adaptive trends in tissue acid and alkaline phosphatase of Sarotherodon mossambica (Peters) under sevin toxicity. Indian Journal of Environmental Health. 1993;35(1):36-39.
Liu ZF, Gao XQ, Yu JX, Qian XM, Xue GP, Zhang QY, Liu BL, Hong L. Effects of different salinities on growth performance, survival, digestive enzyme activity, immune response, and muscle fatty acid composition in juvenile American shad (Alosa sapidissima). Fish Physiol Biochem. 2017 Jun;43(3):761-773. doi: 10.1007/s10695-016-0330-3. Epub 2016 Dec 24. PMID: 28013424.
Penttinen OP, Holopainen IJ. Seasonal feeding activity and ontogenetic dietary shifts in crucian carp, Carassius carassius. Environmental Biology of Fishes. 1992;33:215-221. doi: 10.1007/BF00002566.
Fırat O, Cogun HY, Yüzereroğlu TA, Gök G, Fırat O, Kargin F, Kötemen Y. A comparative study on the effects of a pesticide (cypermethrin) and two metals (copper, lead) to serum biochemistry of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2011 Sep;37(3):657-66. doi: 10.1007/s10695-011-9466-3. Epub 2011 Jan 13. PMID: 21229307; PMCID: PMC3146979.
Meenambal M, Pugazhendy K, Vasantharaja C, Venkatesan S. Ameliorative property of Delonix elata supplementary feed against cypermethrin induced serum biochemical changes in freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio (Linn). Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2012;5(5):2489-2492.
Sharma SD, Maya K. Alkaline and acid phosphatases in different tissues of Channa punctatus exposed to metanil yellow. Indian J Fish. 1994;41(1):48-52.
Ram RN, Singh SK. Carbofuran-induced histopathological and biochemical changes in liver of the teleost fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1988 Dec;16(3):194-201. doi: 10.1016/0147-6513(88)90050-4. PMID: 3229378.
Ayalogu OE, Lgbon NM, Dede EB. Biochemical changes in the serum and liver of albino rats exposed to petroleum samples (gasoline, kerosene and crude petroleum). J Appl Sci Environ Mgt. 2001;5(1):97-100.
Svoboda M, Luskova V, Drastichova J, Llabok V. The effect of diazinon on haematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Acta Vet Brno. 2001;70:457-465.
Obamanu FG, Gabriel UU, Edori OS, Emetonjr JN. Biomarker enzymes in muscle tissue and organs of Clarianus gariepinus after intramuscular injection with aqueous extracts of Lepidagathis alopecuroides leaves. Journal of Medicinal Pants Research. 2009;3(12):995-1001.