Covid-19 Research

Review Article

Microbiome-Targeted Therapies: Developments and Recent Updates

Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences article abstract with citation details, DOI, publication dates, subject areas, full text links, and references.

View DOI Submit Manuscript

Article Details

Publication record, authors, dates, abstract, and full text access.

Open Access
Article Type Review Article
Subject Biology Group
OCLC JBRES Record
Mohammed Awase Qarni Baig*
Issue: Volume5-Issue11
Pages: 1454-1462
Received: 2024-10-22
Accepted: 2024-11-06
Published: 2024-11-10

Abstract

The microbiome, a complex microbial community found in ecosystems like animals, plants, and humans, plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing diseases. These communities promote healthy growth, protect against infectious diseases, and support complex behavioural traits in animals like learning and memory. Human microbiota, also known as "the hidden organ," plays a pivotal role in maintaining physiological functions, such as nutrient extraction, biosynthesis, immune, endocrine, and nervous system interactions, and resistance to pathogen colonization. Research in microbiome therapies is advancing rapidly, leading to a new era of precision medicine where the gut microbiome becomes an integral part of the clinical landscape. Microbiome therapies play a vital role in impacting gut health by modulating the gut microbiota to achieve beneficial effects for the host. This research is paving the way for a new era of precision medicine, where the gut microbiome becomes an integral part of the clinical landscape.

FullText HTML FullText PDF DOI: 10.37871/jbres2033 Crossmark

Certificate of Publication

Certificate of Publication

Copyright

© 2024 Qarni Baig MA. Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 Creative CommonsAttribution

How to cite this article

Qarni Baig MA. Microbiome-Targeted Therapies: Developments and Recent Updates. J Biomed Res Environ Sci. 2024 Nov 10; 5(11): 1454-1462. doi: 10.37871/jbres2033, Article ID: JBRES2033, Available at: https://www.jelsciences.com/articles/ jbres2033.pdf

Subject area(s)

MicrobiologyInfectious Diseases

References

  1. Schloter M, Meyer F, Berg G. Mikrobiome- forschung zwischen theorie und praktischer anwendung. Biospektrum. 2020;26:714-7. doi: 10.1007/s12268-020-1490-3.
  2. Basavaraju M, Gunashree BS, Srinath BS. Microbiome-the power house of health and disease. In: effect of microbiota on health and disease. IntechOpen. 2022. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.106026.
  3. Douglas AE. Microbiomes: A very short introduction. Oxford University Press. 2022. doi: 10.1093/actrade/9780198870852.001.0001.
  4. Shogan BD. Microbiome. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2023;36(02):89-90.
  5. Isiaka AB, Anakwenze VN, Uzoka UH, Ilodinso CR, Oso MO, Ekwealor CC, Chikodili GA. Exploring the role of gut microbiota in human health. GSC Biol Pharm Sci. 2024;27(1):51-9. I: doi: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.27.1.0100.
  6. Filardo S, Di Pietro M, Sessa R. Current progresses and challenges for microbiome research in human health: a perspective. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Apr 4;14:1377012. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1377012. PMID: 38638832; PMCID: PMC11024239.
  7. Wesley A. Role of the human microbiome in health and disease in United Kingdom. Int J Nat Sci. 2023;3(2):35-47. doi: 10.47604/ijns.2177
  8. Ho CT, Wu MS, Panyod S, Chang AC, Isidoro C, Sheen LY. Editorial note: Gut microbiota and health. J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Mar 13;13(2):105-106. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.03.004. PMID: 36970458; PMCID: PMC10037053.
  9. Liang S, Wu X, Jin F. Gut-Brain Psychology: Rethinking Psychology From the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Front Integr Neurosci. 2018 Sep 11;12:33. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2018.00033. PMID: 30271330; PMCID: PMC6142822.
  10. Marchesi JR, Adams DH, Fava F, Hermes GD, Hirschfield GM, Hold G, Quraishi MN, Kinross J, Smidt H, Tuohy KM, Thomas LV, Zoetendal EG, Hart A. The gut microbiota and host health: a new clinical frontier. Gut. 2016 Feb;65(2):330-9. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309990. Epub 2015 Sep 2. PMID: 26338727; PMCID: PMC4752653.
  11. Jones ML, Ganopolsky JG, Martoni CJ, Labbé A, Prakash S. Emerging science of the human microbiome. Gut Microbes. 2014 Jul 1;5(4):446-57. doi: 10.4161/gmic.29810. Epub 2014 Jul 11. PMID: 25013912.
  12. Wang H, Wei CX, Min L, Zhu LY. Good or bad: Gut bacteria in human health and diseases. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip. 2018;32(5):1075-80. doi: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1481350.
  13. Li D, Wang P, Wang P, Hu X, Chen F. The gut microbiota: A treasure for human health. Biotechnol Adv. 2016 Nov 15;34(7):1210-1224. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.08.003. Epub 2016 Aug 31. PMID: 27592384.
  14. Bhandary R, Venugopalan G, Ramesh A, Tartaglia GM, Singhal I, Khijmatgar S. Microbial Symphony: Navigating the Intricacies of the Human Oral Microbiome and Its Impact on Health. Microorganisms. 2024 Mar 13;12(3):571. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12030571. PMID: 38543622; PMCID: PMC10974905.
  15. Weersma RK, Zhernakova A, Fu J. Interaction between drugs and the gut microbiome. Gut. 2020 Aug;69(8):1510-1519. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320204. Epub 2020 May 14. PMID: 32409589; PMCID: PMC7398478.
  16. Doestzada M, Vila AV, Zhernakova A, Koonen DPY, Weersma RK, Touw DJ, Kuipers F, Wijmenga C, Fu J. Pharmacomicrobiomics: a novel route towards personalized medicine? Protein Cell. 2018 May;9(5):432-445. doi: 10.1007/s13238-018-0547-2. Epub 2018 Apr 28. PMID: 29705929; PMCID: PMC5960471.
  17. Chauhan NS, Kumar S. Microbiome therapeutics: Personalized therapy beyond conventional approaches. Elsevier. 2023.
  18. Payami H, Sampson TR, Murchison CF, Wallen ZD. Microbiome-based biomarkers to guide personalized microbiome-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease. medRxiv. 2024;2004-24. doi: 10.1101/2024.04.03.24305273.
  19. Soto-Vega E, Cuan-Baltazar JY. Autoimmunity and microbiome. In: Role of microorganisms in pathogenesis and management of autoimmune diseases: volume ii: kidney, central nervous system, eye, blood, blood vessels & bowel. Springer; 2023. p.3-18.
  20. Turner TR, James EK, Poole PS. The plant microbiome. Genome Biol. 2013;14:1-10. doi:10.1186/gb-2013-14-6-209.
  21. Lam KN, Alexander M, Turnbaugh PJ. Precision medicine goes microscopic: engineering the microbiome to improve drug outcomes. Cell Host Microbe. 2019 Jul 10;26(1):22-34. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.06.011. PMID: 31295421; PMCID: PMC6709864.
  22. Jayaprakashvel M, Thamada S, Gunaswetha K, Pallaval VB. Microbiome therapeutics: Emerging concepts and challenges in translational microbial research. Hum Microbiome Heal Dis Ther. 2023;287-300. doi: 10.1007/978-981-99-5114-7_15.
  23. Halaweish HF, Boatman S, Staley C. Encapsulated Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Development, Efficacy, and Clinical Application. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Mar 17;12:826114. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.826114. PMID: 35372103; PMCID: PMC8968856.
  24. Yan F, Polk DB. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG: An Updated Strategy to Use Microbial Products to Promote Health. Funct Food Rev. 2012 Jun;4(2):77-84. PMID: 24795791; PMCID: PMC4006995.
  25. Thanush D, Basavaraj HC, Gowrav MP. Current regulation and initial considerations for successful development and commercialization of microbiome therapies. Adv Gut Microbiome Res. 2023;2023(1):6657515. doi: 10.1155/2023/6657515.
  26. Fekete EE, Figeys D, Zhang X. Microbiota-directed biotherapeutics: considerations for quality and functional assessment. Gut Microbes. 2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2186671. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2186671. PMID: 36896938; PMCID: PMC10012963.
  27. Salminen S, Collado MC, Endo A, Hill C, Lebeer S, Quigley EMM, Sanders ME, Shamir R, Swann JR, Szajewska H, Vinderola G. The International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of postbiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Sep;18(9):649-667. doi: 10.1038/s41575-021-00440-6. Epub 2021 May 4. Erratum in: Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Sep;18(9):671. doi: 10.1038/s41575-021-00481-x. Erratum in: Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Aug;19(8):551. doi: 10.1038/s41575-022-00628-4. PMID: 33948025; PMCID: PMC8387231.
  28. Radhakrishnan A, Kapil T, Kapardar RK, Srivastav R. Microbiome additive therapy for the human health. In: Microbiome therapeutics. Elsevier. 2023;41-61. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-99336-4.00011-2.
  29. Park YE, Kim JH. Revolutionizing gut health: exploring the role of gut microbiota and the potential of microbiome-based therapies in lower gastrointestinal diseases. Kosin Med J. 2023;38(2):98-106. doi: 10.7180/kmj.23.115.
  30. Airola C, Severino A, Porcari S, Fusco W, Mullish BH, Gasbarrini A, Cammarota G, Ponziani FR, Ianiro G. Future Modulation of Gut Microbiota: From Eubiotics to FMT, Engineered Bacteria, and Phage Therapy. Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 May 8;12(5):868. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12050868. PMID: 37237771; PMCID: PMC10215521.
  31. Hu KA, Gubatan J. Gut microbiome–based therapeutics in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Transl Discov. 2023;3(2):e182. doi: 10.1002/ctd2.182.
  32. Mehboob R. Gut microbiome and digestive health. Pakistan J Heal Sci. 2023.
  33. Derrien M, van Hylckama Vlieg JE. Fate, activity, and impact of ingested bacteria within the human gut microbiota. Trends Microbiol. 2015 Jun;23(6):354-66. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2015.03.002. Epub 2015 Apr 1. PMID: 25840765.
  34. Frei R, Akdis M, O'Mahony L. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and the immune system: experimental data and clinical evidence. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2015 Mar;31(2):153-8. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000151. PMID: 25594887.
  35. de Moreno de LeBlanc A, LeBlanc JG. Effect of probiotic administration on the intestinal microbiota, current knowledge and potential applications. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Nov 28;20(44):16518-28. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i44.16518. PMID: 25469019; PMCID: PMC4248194.
  36. Varankovich NV, Nickerson MT, Korber DR. Probiotic-based strategies for therapeutic and prophylactic use against multiple gastrointestinal diseases. Front Microbiol. 2015 Jul 14;6:685. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00685. PMID: 26236287; PMCID: PMC4500982.
  37. Cuello-Garcia CA, Brożek JL, Fiocchi A, Pawankar R, Yepes-Nuñez JJ, Terracciano L, Gandhi S, Agarwal A, Zhang Y, Schünemann HJ. Probiotics for the prevention of allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Oct;136(4):952-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.04.031. Epub 2015 Jun 2. PMID: 26044853.
  38. Ritchie ML, Romanuk TN. A meta-analysis of probiotic efficacy for gastrointestinal diseases. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e34938. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034938. Epub 2012 Apr 18. PMID: 22529959; PMCID: PMC3329544.
  39. Fujiya M, Ueno N, Kohgo Y. Probiotic treatments for induction and maintenance of remission in inflammatory bowel diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin J Gastroenterol. 2014 Feb;7(1):1-13. doi: 10.1007/s12328-013-0440-8. Epub 2013 Dec 28. Erratum in: Clin J Gastroenterol. 2014 Feb;7(1):84-5. doi: 10.1007/s12328-014-0456-8. PMID: 26183502.
  40. Zuccotti G, Meneghin F, Aceti A, Barone G, Callegari ML, Di Mauro A, Fantini MP, Gori D, Indrio F, Maggio L, Morelli L, Corvaglia L; Italian Society of Neonatology. Probiotics for prevention of atopic diseases in infants: systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2015 Nov;70(11):1356-71. doi: 10.1111/all.12700. Epub 2015 Aug 13. PMID: 26198702.
  41. Khoruts A. Targeting the microbiome: from probiotics to fecal microbiota transplantation. Genome Med. 2018 Oct 30;10(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s13073-018-0592-8. PMID: 30376869; PMCID: PMC6208019.
  42. Daliri EB, Tango CN, Lee BH, Oh DH. Human microbiome restoration and safety. Int J Med Microbiol. 2018 Jul;308(5):487-497. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2018.05.002. Epub 2018 May 9. PMID: 29773467.
  43. Hoffmann DE, Palumbo FB, Ravel J, Rowthorn V, von Rosenvinge E. A proposed definition of microbiota transplantation for regulatory purposes. Gut Microbes. 2017 May 4;8(3):208-213. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2017.1293223. Epub 2017 Mar 20. PMID: 28318396; PMCID: PMC5479380.
  44. Naseri K, Saadati S, Ashtary-Larky D, Asbaghi O, Ghaemi F, Pashayee-Khamene F, Yari Z, de Courten B. Probiotics and synbiotics supplementation improve glycemic control parameters in subjects with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A GRADE-assessed systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized clinical trials. Pharmacol Res. 2022 Oct;184:106399. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106399. Epub 2022 Aug 18. PMID: 35987483.
  45. Wang Z, Li W, Lyu Z, Yang L, Wang S, Wang P, Song F, Chen K, Huang Y. Effects of probiotic/prebiotic/synbiotic supplementation on blood glucose profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Public Health. 2022 Sep;210:149-159. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.012. Epub 2022 Aug 12. PMID: 35970017.
  46. Nikbakht E, Khalesi S, Singh I, Williams LT, West NP, Colson N. Effect of probiotics and synbiotics on blood glucose: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. Eur J Nutr. 2018 Feb;57(1):95-106. doi: 10.1007/s00394-016-1300-3. Epub 2016 Sep 3. PMID: 27590729.
  47. Piqué N, Berlanga M, Miñana-Galbis D. Health Benefits of Heat-Killed (Tyndallized) Probiotics: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 May 23;20(10):2534. doi: 10.3390/ijms20102534. PMID: 31126033; PMCID: PMC6566317.
  48. Alam MZ, Maslanka JR, Abt MC. Immunological consequences of microbiome-based therapeutics. Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 12;13:1046472. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1046472. PMID: 36713364; PMCID: PMC9878555.
  49. Bradburne C, Hamosh A. Integrating the microbiome into precision medicine. Expert Review of Precision Medicine and Drug Development. Taylor & Francis. 2016;475-7. doi: 10.1080/23808993.2016.1259562.
  50. Chen Z, Guo L, Zhang Y, Walzem RL, Pendergast JS, Printz RL, Morris LC, Matafonova E, Stien X, Kang L, Coulon D, McGuinness OP, Niswender KD, Davies SS. Incorporation of therapeutically modified bacteria into gut microbiota inhibits obesity. J Clin Invest. 2014 Aug;124(8):3391-406. doi: 10.1172/JCI72517. Epub 2014 Jun 24. PMID: 24960158; PMCID: PMC4109548.
  51. Duan FF, Liu JH, March JC. Engineered commensal bacteria reprogram intestinal cells into glucose-responsive insulin-secreting cells for the treatment of diabetes. Diabetes. 2015 May;64(5):1794-803. doi: 10.2337/db14-0635. Epub 2015 Jan 27. PMID: 25626737; PMCID: PMC4407861.
  52. Danino T, Prindle A, Kwong GA, Skalak M, Li H, Allen K, Hasty J, Bhatia SN. Programmable probiotics for detection of cancer in urine. Sci Transl Med. 2015 May 27;7(289):289ra84. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa3519. PMID: 26019220; PMCID: PMC4511399.
  53. Bourdeau-Julien I, Castonguay-Paradis S, Rochefort G, Perron J, Lamarche B, Flamand N, Di Marzo V, Veilleux A, Raymond F. The diet rapidly and differentially affects the gut microbiota and host lipid mediators in a healthy population. Microbiome. 2023 Feb 11;11(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s40168-023-01469-2. PMID: 36774515; PMCID: PMC9921707.
  54. Gibson GR, Hutkins R, Sanders ME, Prescott SL, Reimer RA, Salminen SJ, Scott K, Stanton C, Swanson KS, Cani PD, Verbeke K, Reid G. Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Aug;14(8):491-502. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75. Epub 2017 Jun 14. PMID: 28611480.
  55. Zhang F, Wang W, Nie Y, Li J, He X. From microbial technology to microbiota medicine as a clinical discipline: Sustainable development goal. Microb Biotechnol. 2023 Sep;16(9):1705-1708. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.14317. Epub 2023 Jul 15. PMID: 37452703; PMCID: PMC10443319.
  56. Hall DA, Voigt RM, Cantu-Jungles TM, Hamaker B, Engen PA, Shaikh M, Raeisi S, Green SJ, Naqib A, Forsyth CB, Chen T, Manfready R, Ouyang B, Rasmussen HE, Sedghi S, Goetz CG, Keshavarzian A. An open label, non-randomized study assessing a prebiotic fiber intervention in a small cohort of Parkinson's disease participants. Nat Commun. 2023 Feb 18;14(1):926. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36497-x. PMID: 36801916; PMCID: PMC9938693.
  57. Megur A, Daliri EB, BaltriukienÄ— D, Burokas A. Prebiotics as a Tool for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Diabetes: Classification and Ability to Modulate the Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 29;23(11):6097. doi: 10.3390/ijms23116097. PMID: 35682774; PMCID: PMC9181475.
  58. Gomez Quintero DF, Kok CR, Hutkins R. The Future of Synbiotics: Rational Formulation and Design. Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 22;13:919725. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919725. PMID: 35935226; PMCID: PMC9354465.
  59. Smillie CS, Smith MB, Friedman J, Cordero OX, David LA, Alm EJ. Ecology drives a global network of gene exchange connecting the human microbiome. Nature. 2011 Oct 30;480(7376):241-4. doi: 10.1038/nature10571. PMID: 22037308.
  60. Puccetti M, Xiroudaki S, Ricci M, Giovagnoli S. Postbiotic-Enabled Targeting of the Host-Microbiota-Pathogen Interface: Hints of Antibiotic Decline? Pharmaceutics. 2020 Jul 4;12(7):624. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070624. PMID: 32635461; PMCID: PMC7408102.
  61. McDonald LC, Gerding DN, Johnson S, Bakken JS, Carroll KC, Coffin SE, Dubberke ER, Garey KW, Gould CV, Kelly C, Loo V, Shaklee Sammons J, Sandora TJ, Wilcox MH. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Mar 19;66(7):e1-e48. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix1085. PMID: 29462280; PMCID: PMC6018983.
  62. Johnson S, Lavergne V, Skinner AM, Gonzales-Luna AJ, Garey KW, Kelly CP, Wilcox MH. Clinical Practice Guideline by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA): 2021 Focused Update Guidelines on Management of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Sep 7;73(5):e1029-e1044. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab549. PMID: 34164674.
  63. Cammarota G, Ianiro G, Tilg H, Rajilić-Stojanović M, Kump P, Satokari R, Sokol H, Arkkila P, Pintus C, Hart A, Segal J, Aloi M, Masucci L, Molinaro A, Scaldaferri F, Gasbarrini G, Lopez-Sanroman A, Link A, de Groot P, de Vos WM, Högenauer C, Malfertheiner P, Mattila E, Milosavljević T, Nieuwdorp M, Sanguinetti M, Simren M, Gasbarrini A; European FMT Working Group. European consensus conference on faecal microbiota transplantation in clinical practice. Gut. 2017 Apr;66(4):569-580. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313017. Epub 2017 Jan 13. PMID: 28087657; PMCID: PMC5529972.
  64. Davar D, Dzutsev AK, McCulloch JA, Rodrigues RR, Chauvin JM, Morrison RM, Deblasio RN, Menna C, Ding Q, Pagliano O, Zidi B, Zhang S, Badger JH, Vetizou M, Cole AM, Fernandes MR, Prescott S, Costa RGF, Balaji AK, Morgun A, Vujkovic-Cvijin I, Wang H, Borhani AA, Schwartz MB, Dubner HM, Ernst SJ, Rose A, Najjar YG, Belkaid Y, Kirkwood JM, Trinchieri G, Zarour HM. Fecal microbiota transplant overcomes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma patients. Science. 2021 Feb 5;371(6529):595-602. doi: 10.1126/science.abf3363. PMID: 33542131; PMCID: PMC8097968.
  65. Baruch EN, Youngster I, Ben-Betzalel G, Ortenberg R, Lahat A, Katz L, Adler K, Dick-Necula D, Raskin S, Bloch N, Rotin D, Anafi L, Avivi C, Melnichenko J, Steinberg-Silman Y, Mamtani R, Harati H, Asher N, Shapira-Frommer R, Brosh-Nissimov T, Eshet Y, Ben-Simon S, Ziv O, Khan MAW, Amit M, Ajami NJ, Barshack I, Schachter J, Wargo JA, Koren O, Markel G, Boursi B. Fecal microbiota transplant promotes response in immunotherapy-refractory melanoma patients. Science. 2021 Feb 5;371(6529):602-609. doi: 10.1126/science.abb5920. Epub 2020 Dec 10. PMID: 33303685.
  66. Ma Y, Liu J, Rhodes C, Nie Y, Zhang F. Ethical Issues in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Practice. Am J Bioeth. 2017 May;17(5):34-45. doi: 10.1080/15265161.2017.1299240. PMID: 28430065.
  67. Allegretti JR, Khanna S, Mullish BH, Feuerstadt P. The Progression of Microbiome Therapeutics for the Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Beyond. Gastroenterology. 2024 Oct;167(5):885-902. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.05.004. Epub 2024 May 14. PMID: 38754739.
Publish with JBRES — Peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary Open Access with rapid review, DOI, and global visibility.
Double-Blind CrossRef DOI Discoverable
Submit Manuscript Membership