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Home/ All Articles/ Garlic Extracts Up-regulate IL-4 and IL-13 Cytokines and Increase the Goblet Cell Numbers …

Abstract & Article Details

Research Article • Vol.4, Issue 3 • ISSN: 2766-2276 • Open Access • CC BY 4.0

Open Access Research Article Vol.4, Issue 3 March 31, 2023

Garlic Extracts Up-regulate IL-4 and IL-13 Cytokines and Increase the Goblet Cell Numbers in Eimeria vermiformis Infected Mice

DOI: 10.37871/jbres1712
Authors
Atef Mohammed Hussein Khalil* and Marwa Mohamed Fawaz
Full Text PDF

Abstract

We investigated the immune regulation, goblet cell responses and the anti-oxidative role of garlic extracts in the Eimeria vermiformis parasitized ileum in mice. Garlic extracts up-regulate IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines and increase the goblet cell numbers in Eimeria vermiformis-infected mice. The results showed that garlic extract is protective in response to E. vermiformis infection. Experiment was formed of three groups. Control group, mice were delivered distilled water. Infected group, rats were inoculated orally with E. vermiformis in a dose of 300 mature oocysts. The infected + garlic group was given garlic extracts at a dose of 500 mg/kg. b.w every day for ten days before infection, thereafter was inoculated orally with E. vermiformis in a dose of 300 mature oocysts, and the garlic treatment was continued to the end of the study day 9 post infection. Ileum tissues were harvested for immune and histological analyses. Compared to the infected group, garlic extracts upregulated the expressions of IL-13 and IL-4 in the parasitized section. Garlic extracts decreased the fecal oocyst numbers as well as tissue oocyst numbers. In contradiction to decreasing the parasitic oocysts numbers, goblet cell numbers in ten successive Villus-Crypt Units (VCU) in the ileal tissues were significantly increased. Furthermore, garlic treatment caused a significant decrease in the lipid peroxidation (MDA) level with an increased concentration of Glutathione Reductase (GR) enzyme. In histopathology, ileum exhibited a significant reduction in the advancement of the reproductive stages of E. vermiformis with improvement to the pathological damage caused by E. vermiformis infection.

Research Topics

How to Cite

Atef Mohammed Hussein Khalil* and Marwa Mohamed Fawaz (2023). Garlic Extracts Up-regulate IL-4 and IL-13 Cytokines and Increase the Goblet Cell Numbers in Eimeria vermiformis Infected Mice. Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1712

Article Information

JournalJournal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences (JBRES)
ISSN2766-2276
DOI DOI 10.37871/jbres1712
Volume / IssueVol. 4, Issue 3
PublishedMarch 31, 2023
Article TypeResearch Article
Pages567-578
LicenseCC BY 4.0 — Open Access
PublisherSciRes Literature LLC, Sheridan, WY, USA
LanguageEnglish
Creative Commons BY 4.0

Published under CC BY 4.0 — free to share, copy, adapt, and redistribute with attribution.

Certificate of Publication

Certificate of Publication — Garlic Extracts Up-regulate IL-4 and IL-13 Cytokines and Increase the Goblet Cell Numbers in Eimeria vermiformis Infected Mice

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