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Home/ All Articles/ Zoonotic Pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, Babesia odocoilei, and Borr…

Abstract & Article Details

Research Article • Vol.6, Issue 12 • ISSN: 2766-2276 • Open Access • CC BY 4.0

Open Access Research Article Vol.6, Issue 12 December 13, 2025

Zoonotic Pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, Babesia odocoilei, and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Detected in Ixodes scapularis Ticks Collected at an Established Population in Eastern Canada

DOI: 10.37871/jbres2233
Authors
John D Scott* and Catherine M Scott
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Abstract

Tick-borne zoonotic diseases baffle clinicians and traumatize patients worldwide. We provide the first documentation of four different tick-borne zoonotic pathogens in an established population of blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, located in eastern Canada. Using real-time and nested PCR we detected 4 pathogens in I. scapularis adults as follows: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), 17/25 (68%); Babesia odocoilei, 10/25 (40%); Babesia microti, 2/25 (8%); and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, 3/25 (12%). In addition, we found B. burgdorferi s.l. and B. odocoilei juxtaposed in I. scapularis adults. Moreover, polymicrobial pathogens can be condensed in a single tick bite. Symptoms of human babesiosis caused by B. odocoilei are listed. Babesia odocoilei is a sequestering Babesia sp. that is recalcitrant to treat. Clinicians must be aware that this intraerythrocytic parasite is medically different to treat than the Lyme disease bacterium. Both of these tick-borne zoonotic diseases can be persistent, and often chronic. In reality, there is no such condition as “Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS).”

Research Topics

How to Cite

John D Scott* and Catherine M Scott (2025). Zoonotic Pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, Babesia odocoilei, and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Detected in Ixodes scapularis Ticks Collected at an Established Population in Eastern Canada. Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences, 6(12). https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres2233

Article Information

JournalJournal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences (JBRES)
ISSN2766-2276
DOI DOI 10.37871/jbres2233
Volume / IssueVol. 6, Issue 12
PublishedDecember 13, 2025
Article TypeResearch Article
Pages1852-1864
LicenseCC BY 4.0 — Open Access
PublisherSciRes Literature LLC, Sheridan, WY, USA
LanguageEnglish
Creative Commons BY 4.0

Published under CC BY 4.0 — free to share, copy, adapt, and redistribute with attribution.

Certificate of Publication

Certificate of Publication — Zoonotic Pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, Babesia odocoilei, and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Detected in Ixodes scapularis Ticks Collected at an Established Population in Eastern Canada

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