Purpose: The aim of this study is to comprehensively analyze the application of robotic technology in spine surgery and display the current research status in this field.

Methods: To investigate the distribution and characteristics of robotics in spinal surgery, the publications in PubMed and web of science was examined and analyzed. We utilized CiteSpace and VOSviewer to review and visualize academic literature from the previous 30 years on the use of robotic technology in spine surgery.

Results: According to the findings of the research, it indicates that robotics is becoming more widespread in spine surgery, with robotics playing an important role in pedicle screw placement, intraoperative navigation, imaging guidance, and minimizing radiation exposure for surgeons and surgical teams. how to establish a set of standards, how to reduce personnel radiation exposure in the operating room, postoperative follow-up between traditional and robotic surgery, and the prognosis and incidence of complications such as spondylosis, and so on are all topics that will be discussed.

Conclusion: The study looked into the recovery time following robotic surgery, the expense of hospitalization, the robotic technology in terms of time during surgical procedures, blood loss, and implant placement accuracy, which are all topics that will be investigated more in the future. While there are some discrepancies in government, physician, and patient views, expectations, and clinical data for robotic surgery, robots will increasingly be used in areas that demand great precision. The application of robotic technology in spine surgery will be extensive.