The microbiome, a complex microbial community found in ecosystems like animals, plants, and humans, plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing diseases. These communities promote healthy growth, protect against infectious diseases, and support complex behavioural traits in animals like learning and memory. Human microbiota, also known as "the hidden organ," plays a pivotal role in maintaining physiological functions, such as nutrient extraction, biosynthesis, immune, endocrine, and nervous system interactions, and resistance to pathogen colonization. Research in microbiome therapies is advancing rapidly, leading to a new era of precision medicine where the gut microbiome becomes an integral part of the clinical landscape. Microbiome therapies play a vital role in impacting gut health by modulating the gut microbiota to achieve beneficial effects for the host. This research is paving the way for a new era of precision medicine, where the gut microbiome becomes an integral part of the clinical landscape.